Glossy Ibis (1/2)

Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) (331, 2)

Photo © KG Webb - Longstones, St Mary’s, Isles of Scilly, September 2023

Ex BBRC species 31/12/2012

STATUS

Cosmopolitan, apart from the Neotropics. Monotypic.

OVERVIEW

At the turn of the 18th century it was believed that the Glossy Ibis appeared as three different species based on their plumage. Bay Ibis was the adult in breeding plumage, Green Ibis the juvenile and Glossy Ibis in its immature state or non-breeding plumage. Also known as the Brazilian Curlew or Black Curlew.

Invasions occurred in 1902 (22 individuals), 1906 (19), 1907 (22), 1908 (19), 1909 (22) and 1920 with 23 birds.

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RECORDS

1). 1793 Berkshire River Thames, between Henley and Reading, two, male shot, September.

(Montagu, 1802; A. & H. Matthews, Zoologist 1849: 2601; Newman, 1866; Clark Kennedy, 1868; J. E. Harting, Zoologist 1880: 319; Radford, 1966; Swash, 1996; Palmer, 2000).

History Montagu (1802) says: 'These two birds were flying along the River Thames between Henley and Reading, Berkshire, in September 1793, one of which was shot by Mr. Lamb, which he had mounted and kept in his possession.'

Montagu (1813) adds: 'That in the possession of Mr. Lamb, which so well connects the Glossy and Bay varieties, was shot in the month of September 1793, while skimming over the River Thames in company with another, between Henley and Reading.'

Latham (1824 (9): 155) under Glossy Ibis (immature), says: 'Another killed near Reading, in Berkshire, by Dr. Lamb, in the spring 1796.'

A. & H. Matthews (1849) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. VII. p. 2601, under 'The Birds of Oxfordshire', say: 'In the collection of the late Dr. Lamb, of Newbury, now in the possession of Dr. Tomkins, there is a specimen of this rare bird, which was killed near Reading, in 1793; perhaps one of the first recorded instances of its capture in Great Britain. The following notice of its occurrence is copied from the MS. of Dr. Lamb, referred to in the beginning of this list: "A pair of these birds were seen flying over the Thames, near Reading, Berkshire, in September, 1793. One of them, the male, was shot, and is now in my collection".'

Newman (1866: 181) in Montagu's British Birds, adds: 'That in the possession of Mr. Lamb, which so well connects the Glossy and Bay varieties, was shot in the month of September, 1793, while skimming over the River Thames in company with another, between Henley and Reading.'

J. E. Harting, Editor (1880) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. IV. p. 319, quoting from Dr. Lamb's 'Ornithologia Bercheria', says: 'A male of this very rare bird was shot a few miles from Reading in Sept., 1793, while flying over Thames in company with another, and were supposed to be Bitterns. Having sent the description of the bird to our celebrated naturalist, Mr. Sowerby, F.L.S., who has favoured the world with it, accompanied with a coloured drawing, in his British Miscellany, tab. xvii, p. 35, I must refer the Society to that work.'

Accepted locally (Radford 1966; Swash 1996).

3). 1805 Devon Near Ivybridge, immature, shot, mid-September.

(Montagu, 1813; E. Moore, Transactions of the Plymouth Institution 1830: 325; E. Moore, Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History 1: 321; Newman, 1866; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Montagu (1813) says: 'One in Mr. Cumming's [sic] collection, shot also in Devonshire, in 1805, nearly at the same time as one of ours, is not dissimilar to the Green variety.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1830) in the Transactions of the Plymouth Institution, Vol. I. p. 325, says: 'Three Devonshire specimens are mentioned by Montagu - and the third in 1805, is in Mr. Comyns' collection.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1837) in Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. I. p. 321, dated May, 1837, says: 'Three specimens are mentioned by Montagu from Devon.'

Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

4). 1805 Devon Near Ivybridge, immature, shot, mid-September.

(G. Montagu, Transactions of the Linnean Society 9: 197; Montagu, 1813; E. Moore, Transactions of the Plymouth Institution 1830: 325; E. Moore, Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History 1: 321; Newman, 1866; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History George Montagu (1807) in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, Vol. IX. p. 197, read on 5th May, 1807, says: 'Green Ibis. This species was shot in the interior part of Devonshire about the middle of September, in the same year as the preceding [1805 Cattle Egret]: it is a male, and occupies a place with the last. Whether this, the Bay, and the Glossy Ibis are specifically distinct, admits of doubt, and requires further investigation.'

Montagu (1813) says: 'The Green variety of this species we shall describe from those we obtained fresh. Weight about eighteen ounces; length twenty-two inches; breadth two feet nine inches. Bill nearly four inches and a quarter in length to the gape, moderately curved, and of a bluish lead-colour, the sides of the under mandible flesh-colour, the whole fading to a purplish flesh colour in a few days; from the nostrils, which are linear, a furrow continues to the end of the bill on each side; between the eyes and the bill the bare skin is black; the irides dusky; the head, neck and all the under parts are dusky, more or less varied with changeable tints of bronze, most so on the breast; the throat and sides of the head minutely speckled with white, with a feather or two on the upper part of the neck before; and above the eye are several of the same colour, tending obliquely to the hind head, forming an irregular line of white spots; the back and wings, including the scapulars and quills, are resplendent with changeable purple and green, or more properly dark glossy green, changeable to violet and purple in different points of view, somewhat like the tail of a magpie, but the colours not so strong; the tail consists of twelve feathers, is a trifle forked when closed, and is of the same glossy green as the wings; the legs and toes blue-black; the first are three inches and a half in length to the knee-joint, and an inch and a half bare above the knee; the toes are long, the middle one above two inches, independent of the claw; the hind one an inch, and so placed as to bear its whole length on the ground; the claws are dusky, not much bent, the middle one brought to a sharp edge on the inside, and sometimes slightly but irregularly serrated....The first of these birds was shot near Ivybridge by Mr. Rivers, who observed it to alight on the green before his house, and as the sun shone upon it the resplendent appearance of its plumage attracted his particular attention, and induced him to fetch a gun. The bird was not shy and was readily shot.

This was about the middle of September, 1805. By accident it got into the hands of our friend Mr. Vaughan who kindly presented it to us.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1830) in the Transactions of the Plymouth Institution, Vol. I. p. 325, says: 'Three Devonshire specimens are mentioned by Montagu - one shot near Ivybridge, in September, 1805.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1837) in Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. I. p. 321, dated May, 1837, says: 'Three specimens are mentioned by Montagu from Devon.'

Newman (1866: 179) in Montagu's British Birds, says: 'Two in our collection, shot in Devonshire, are in their first plumage, with very little variation.' Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

Comment The 1809 Near Plymouth, Devon, and this one, are the two Devon specimens owned by Montagu.

5). 1806 Anglesey Near Beaumaris, several, four and one immature, shot, late September.

(Shaw, 1790-1813; Montagu, 1813; Yarrell, 1845; Yarrell, 1871-85; Forrest, 1907; Lovegrove, Williams & Williams, 1994).

History In Shaw's 17th volume of the Naturalist's Miscellany there is a figure given entitled Brazilian Curlew, which was shot in Anglesea, about the end of September, 1806; and is said to be preserved in the collection of Miss Hester Meyrick, of Beaumaris.

Whatever may have been the opinion of those who first examined the bird in question, which perhaps was in a putrid state, as was the case when it came into the hands of the lady above mentioned, there is certainly nothing in the figure that can warrant an opinion that it can possibly represent the brown bird which the Brazilian Whimbrel is generally described to be; nor has it any of the white markings on the neck, and other characters that distinguish that species. The author of the Miscellany very justly remarks, "that it cannot escape the attention of every naturalist that, excepting the generic particular of the naked front, this bird bears a very striking general resemblance, both in size and colour, to the Tantalus igneus and Tantalus falcinellus, the former of which has been occasionally observed in this country".

It must, however, be observed that this generic distinction between the Ibis and Curlew is but obscure in some species, for the very small bare space between the eye and the bill, in the Tantalus igneus, might readily be overlooked, especially as it is of a dark colour, like the surrounding feathers; in two specimens now before us it is scarcely obvious through the glass of the cases.

From the description we have been favoured with from Miss Meyrick (who says: that the bird came to her in so putrid a state that the circumstance of the bare space was not observable, and that the hind tow was long as represented in the figure referred to), not a doubt exists in our mind that it was that variety of Tantalus igneus called the Green Ibis, hereafter described.

Montagu (1813) says: 'That killed in Anglesea, and figured in the Naturalists' Miscellany for the Brazilian Curlew, is very nearly, if not quite, in the plumage of the variety called the Glossy Ibis; but the vinaceous copper on the wings is too highly coloured for the bird it is intended to represent, as we are credibly informed.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 573, 2nd ed.) says: 'The Rev. Hugh Davis, the friend of Pennant, has noticed a flock visited Anglesey, of which four or five were shot.'

Admitted by Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds.

Forrest (1907: 260) says: 'An immature example of the Glossy Ibis, obtained near Beaumaris about the end of September, 1806, was described and figured in Shaw's Naturalist's Miscellany (Plate 705) as a new species under the name of Brazilian Curlew, by the Rev. Hugh Davies. He did not discover his mistake - into which he was led by the bird being immature and partially decomposed - till four or five additional examples were shortly afterwards obtained out of a flock in Anglesey, some of which fell into his hands (Montagu's Ornithological Dictionary; Pennant, British Zoology, 1812, Vol. II.).'

Accepted nationally for Wales (Lovegrove, Williams & Williams 1994).

10). Pre 1808 Lancashire & North Merseyside Near Liverpool, adult, shot, undated, now at Liverpool Museum.

(Bullock, 1808; Bullock, 1812; Montagu, 1813; Yarrell, 1845; Newman, 1866; Mitchell, 1892; Oakes, 1953; White, McCarthy & Jones, 2008).

History Bullock (1812: 76) says: 'This was lately killed in Wales. It was likewise shot a few years since in Lancashire.'

Montagu (1813) says: 'Another, shot within these two or three years near Liverpool, and now in the collection of Lord Stanley, varies but little from what has been called the Glossy Ibis....The specimen in the collection of Lord Stanley, before noticed, is rather larger than the Green variety, which corresponds with the supposition that the latter is the young in its first plumage.

As his Lordship was so polite as to send us the bird in question for examination, a short description may be acceptable to the naturalist. The bill is about five inches long to the gape, and three-quarters of an inch deep at the base. The head and upper part of the neck brown, faintly speckled with white; lower neck, breast, and all the under parts of the body rusty brown, without gloss; back and scapulars glossy brown, with green and copper lustre, as reflected in different points of view; primary and secondary quills inclining to more to green, with a copper tinge; the tertials and tail nearly the same as the back; under scapulars long and refulgent with purple and green; the legs and toes dusky brown like the bill; the legs measure, from the foot to the knee, three inches and three-quarters.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 572, 2nd ed.) says: 'One occurred some years ago in Lancashire, and is preserved in the collection of the Earl of Derby in that county. According to Montagu "The Ibis is adopted as a part of the arms of the town of Liverpool. This bird is termed a Liver, from which that flourishing town derived its name, and is now standing on the spot where the Pool was, on the verge of which the Liver was killed".'

Newman (1866: 179) in Montagu's British Birds, adds: 'Shot within these two or three years near Liverpool, and now in the collection of Lord Stanley, varies but little from what has been called the Glossy Ibis.'

Further, p. 180, he adds: 'The specimen in the collection of Lord Stanley, before noticed, is rather larger than the Green variety, which corresponds with the supposition that the latter is the young in its first plumage. As his Lordship was so polite as to send us the bird in question for examination, a short description may be acceptable to the naturalist. The bill is about five inches long to the gape, and three-quarters of an inch deep at the base. The head and upper parts of the neck brown, faintly speckled with white; lower neck, breast, and all the under parts of the body rusty brown, without gloss; back and scapulars glossy brown, with green and copper lustre, as reflected in different points of view; primary and secondary quills inclining more to green, with a copper tinge; the tertials and tail nearly the same as the back; under scapulars long and refulgent with purple and green; the legs and toes dusky brown like the bill; the legs measure, from the foot to the knee, three inches and three-quarters.

By comparison of this bird with the Green Ibis, there appears to be that little superiority of size which is natural between the old and the young of the same species; and this is further marked by the superior size of the bill, a circumstance so characteristic of age in similar long-billed birds, the Curlew and Godwit. The examination therefore of this specimen serves to confirm our former opinion.'

Mitchell (1892: 148) says: 'An example of the Glossy Ibis is catalogued in A Companion to the Liverpool Museum, at the house of William Bullock, Church Street (6th edit., 1808), as having been shot near Liverpool, and is described as "of a dark olive-brown colour with green reflections". A second is mentioned by Montagu (Dict. Brit. Birds, Suppl., 1813) as also having been shot near Liverpool, "within these two or three years", and the plumage is particularized, showing it to have been an immature bird.'

Accepted locally (Oakes 1953; White, McCarthy & Jones 2008).

Comment Mitchell is mistaken in believing there were two specimens obtained near Liverpool. They are one and the same. The statement of "within these two or three years", refers to the year 1805 when Montagu's specimen was obtained, and not to the published date of the book.

11). 1809 Devon Near Plymouth, immature female, shot, early October.

(Montagu, 1813; E. Moore, Transactions of the Plymouth Institution 1830: 325; E. Moore, Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History 1: 321; Newman, 1866; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Montagu (1813) says: 'The other was shot on a marsh not very distant from Plymouth, and was obligingly sent to us by Sir Wm. Elford, on or about the 12th of October 1809.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1830) in the Transactions of the Plymouth Institution, Vol. I. p. 325, says: 'Three Devonshire specimens are mentioned by Montagu - another in October, 1809.' Edward Moore of Plymouth (1837) in Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. I. p. 321, dated May, 1837, says: 'Three specimens are mentioned by Montagu from Devon.'

Newman (1866: 181) in Montagu's British Birds, says: 'Another of these birds in our collection, which proved on dissection to be a female, weighed sixteen ounce; length twenty-one inches. The only difference between this and the last one [1805 Devon] described is that this has more white spots about the head and neck, especially four transverse white bars on the upper part of the neck before....The other [Devonshire bird in our collection] was shot on a marsh not very distant from Plymouth, and was obligingly sent to us by Sir Wm. Elford, on or about the 12th October, 1809.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) in a footnote, say: 'Montagu mentions three immature specimens shot in Devonshire: one in Mr. Comyns's collection [shot on the Exe,1805]; another near Ivybridge, in middle of Sept. 1805); and the third near Plymouth, about 12th Oct. 1809) (Trans. Linn. Soc., IX. p. 198, and Orn. Dict.).'

Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

Comment The 1805 Ivybridge, Devon, individual, and this one, are the two Devon specimens owned.

12). 1818 Norfolk Near King's Lynn, immature, shot, winter.

(R. Sheppard & W. Whitear, Transactions of the Linnean Society 15: 42; Stevenson, 1870; Anon, Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society 3: 252; T. Southwell, Zoologist 1881: 469; Dye, Fiszer & Allard, 2009).

History R. Sheppard & W. Whitear (1826) in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, Vol. XV. p. 42, say: 'We have seen a bird of this species which was shot in the winter of 1818 in the marshes on the western coast of Norfolk, near Lynn. It did not appear to have attained its full plumage, from the circumstance of its having four transverse bars of white on its throat.'

Accepted locally (Stevenson 1870 (2): 191).

Anon. (1879-84) in the Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society, Vol. III. p. 252, under 'the diaries of William Whitear', says: '1820. February 9th. I saw at Hunt's...a specimen of the Glossy Ibis, which I was told was shot in the winter of 1818, on the marshes on the western coast of Norfolk, near Lynn. This bird had four transverse bars of white on the throat.'

Thomas Southwell (1881) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. V. p. 469, says: 'Messrs. Sheppard and Whitear, in their 'Catalogue of Norfolk and Suffolk Birds', speak of one of these birds as having been killed near Lynn in the winter of 1818. This bird is referred to in the "Calendar" kept by the Rev. W. Whitear, extracts from which have been recently published by the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society (Transactions, Vol. III. pp. 231-262). He says: under date February 9th, 1820: - "I also saw at the same time [at Hunt's] a specimen of the Glossy Ibis, which I was told was shot in the winter of 1818, on the marshes on the western coast of Norfolk, near Lynn". But an earlier reference to a Glossy Ibis occurs under the date of October, 19th, 1819, as follows: - "He [Hunt] also says: that an Ibis was killed this year in Norfolk". At first sight it appears as though two distinct birds were recorded, but I think there can be no doubt that the latter entry is an amplification and correction of the earlier one, and that both refer to the same bird.'

[We have heard of two others obtained this autumn, one in Lincolnshire, the other in Hampshire, but no particulars of their capture are yet to hand. - Ed.]

Accepted locally as the first for Norfolk (Dye, Fiszer & Allard 2009).

13). 1820 Northumberland Coquet River, near Rothbury, immature male, killed, autumn.

(Selby, 1833; Yarrell, 1845; Bewick, 1847; Hancock, 1874; Yarrell, 1871-85; Bolam, 1912; Galloway & Meek, 1978-83; Kerr, 2001).

History Selby (1833 (2): 58-59) says: 'Plate XII. represents the young bird previous to its first moulting, taken from a specimen killed near Rothbury, in Northumberland, and now in my collection. The bill is greenish-black, fading towards the tip to woodbrown, and measures five inches in length; the lores are green. The head, throat, and back of the upper part of the neck are pale hair-brown; the feathers margined with white, and giving a spotted appearance. On the forepart of the neck are two narrow transverse bars, and a large irregular spot of white. Lower part of the neck, and the whole of the under parts, of a hair-brown colour, the margins of the feathers having greenish reflections. Upper parts of the body, wings, and tail, glossy olive-green, with faint changeable reflections of purplish-red upon the scapulars and wing coverts. Legs and toes blackish-green.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 574, 2nd ed.) says: 'Mr. Selby mentions one example, a young bird, now preserved in his own collection, that was obtained on the Coquet near Rothbury, in the autumn of 1820. From this specimen the representation of the Ibis published in some of the later editions of Bewick's British Birds was taken.'

Bewick (1847 (2): 65, 8th ed.) says: 'The stuffed specimen, from which our figure was taken, was obligingly lent to this work by P. J. Selby, Esq., of Twizell House; it was a male bird, shot on the banks of the Coquet, near Rothbury, in the autumn of 1820, and appears to be in the changing state of plumage, described by Montagu, as approaching the Glossy Ibis.'

Admitted by Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 232, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds.

Bolam (1912: 335) says: 'A young bird in its first plumage, recorded by Selby, and from which the illustration in the second volume of his great work was taken, was killed in the autumn of 1820, on the Coquet, near Rothbury.'

Accepted locally (Galloway & Meek 1978-83) and by Kerr (2001) who stated the year as 1829 without correction.

14). 1822 Norfolk Hockwold Fen, three, seen, May, two (one adult) killed June.

(R. Sheppard & W. Whitear, 1827; Stevenson, 1870).

History R. Sheppard & W. Whitear (1826) in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, Vol. XV. p. 42, say: 'In the month of May 1822, three birds of this species were seen at Hockwold [Fen] in Norfolk. Two of them were killed, and are in the possession of the Rev. Henry Tilney of that place.'

Stevenson (1870 (2): 191) adds: 'One of these, in adult plumage, is now in Mr. Newcome's collection, at Feltwell, from whom I recently ascertained that the other (both having been shot by Mr. Tilney), was unfortunately not preserved. The last two are also noticed in Mr. Lombe's MS. notes, as killed in June, not May, which is, I believe correct.'

17). 1824 Norfolk/Suffolk Near Yarmouth, six, pair immatures shot, 13th September, both now at Castle Museum, Norwich.

(J. Youell, Transactions of the Linnean Society 14: 588; Paget & Paget, 1834; Stevenson, 1870; Babington, 1884-86; Allard, 1990; Piotrowski, 2003).

History John Youell (1824) in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, Vol. XIV. p. 588, in extracts from the minutes read on 21st December 1824, says: 'Mr. Youell also states, that a pair of the Green Ibis [immature], Tantalus viridis, Gmel., were taken near Yarmouth in October last.'

Paget & Paget (1834: 8) say: 'A pair shot at the mouth of the Norwich river, September 13, 1824, now in the possession of J. J. Gurney, Esq., Earlham; there were four more in company with them.'

Stevenson (1870 (2): 192) adds: 'These, in Sir William Hooker's MS., are said to have been male and female, the former weighing one pound and a half, the latter one pound two ounces. The length of the male from the tip of the bill to the end of the toes was thirty inches, of the female twenty-six inches, and from tip to tip of wings, the former measured forty inches, and the bill was five inches long.' Stevenson, in a footnote on the same page, adds: '...now in Mr. J. H. Gurney's collection.'

Babington (1884-86: 153) adds: 'A pair shot at the mouth of the Norwich river (the Yare)...the pair shot are mentioned also in Lombe's MS. notes in Bewick and in Hunt in Stacey's Hist. Norf., p. lxvi.'

Accepted locally as the first for Suffolk the middle of the Yare being the county boundary (Piotrowski 2003: 80).

23). 1825 Norfolk Great Yarmouth, pair, killed, January.

(Stevenson, 1870; Babington, 1884-86; Allard, 1990).

History Stevenson (1870 (2): 192) says: 'In January, 1825, according to Mr. Lombe's MS. notes, two more, male and female, were killed at Yarmouth, and may possibly be the pair which are still preserved in his fine collection at Wymondham.' Babington (1884-86: 153) says: 'In Lombe's MS. notes in [his] Montagu's Dictionary.'

25). 1825 Cornwall Hayle, two, shot, June, an adult now at Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro.

(J. Couch, Loudon's Magazine of Natural History 3: 177; Penhallurick, 1978).

History J. Couch (1830) in Loudon's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. III. p. 177, says: 'Bay Ibis....and two others, at the same time [June, 1825], near Penzance: one of them is now in the Truro Museum.

Penhallurick (1969: 67) says: 'pre 1829, one shot at Hayle was presented to Truro Museum (Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall Report).' Later, Penhallurick (1978: 4150 adds: 'pre1829. The Hayle bird is evidently one of two shot "near Penzance" in June 1825, one of them being presented to Truro Museum. Two others were shot in the same month near Helston (Magazine of Natural History (Loudon's) 3: 177).'

Comment Strange date! The Bay Ibis was the adult of the species.

27). 1825 Cornwall Near Helston, two, adults, shot, June.

(J. Couch, Loudon's Magazine of Natural History 3: 177; Penhallurick, 1969, 1978).

History J. Couch (1830) in Loudon's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. III. p. 177, says: 'Bay Ibis. Two specimens of this bird (now regarded as the same with the Glossy Ibis) were killed near Helston, in June, 1825.'

Penhallurick (1978: 415) adds: 'pre1829. Two others were shot in the same month near Helston (Magazine of Natural History (Loudon's) 3: 177).'

Comment Strange date! The Bay Ibis was the adult of the species.

29). 1825 Wiltshire Near Calne, killed, undated.

(A. C. Smith, Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine 12: 60; Smith, 1887; Buxton, 1981; Palmer, 1991; Wiltshire Ornithological Society, 2007).

History A. C. Smith (1870) in the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Vol. XII. p. 60, and in (1887) p. 411, says: 'I have the authority of the late Rev. George Marsh for stating that a specimen was killed at Whetham, near Calne, the residence of the then Rector of Yatesbury, Rev. W. Money, in the year 1825.'

Palmer (1991: 127) says: 'Two old records (1875 and 1915) [without correction].'

Accepted locally (Wiltshire Ornithological Society 2007: 259).

30). 1826 Hertfordshire Tring Reservoirs, killed, October.

(W. E. Glegg, Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society 23: 74-75; Sage, 1959; Gladwin & Sage, 1986).

History Sage (1959: 33-34) says: 'In the Luton Museum there is a water-colour painting of a Glossy Ibis that bears the inscription: Rarissima Avis. Glossy Ibis killed in October 1826 at Marsworth or Willstern Reservoir. Bill five inches; lore one inch; legs two and ½ inches from feather to knee, four inches from knee to setting of the toes. The artist's name appears to be H. Higgs.' Accepted locally (Gladwin & Sage 1986).

31). Pre 1829 Norfolk Near Cromer, killed, undated.

(Hunt, 1829; Stevenson, 1870).

History Stevenson (1870 (2): 192) says: 'In Mr. Hunt's List, published in 1829, a single specimen, killed near Cromer, in Mr. Norman's collection, is said to have been "sold to him under the name of the "Black Curlew", which fully corroborates Mr. Lubbock's statement as to the name commonly applied to this species".'

32). 1830 Greater London Blendon Hall Park, Bexley, April.

(J. C. Hurst, Loudon's Magazine of Natural History 3: 435; Yarrell, 1845; Morris, 1863-67; Ticehurst, 1909; Harrison, 1953; Self, 2014).

History J. C. Hurst of Dartford (1830) in Loudon's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. III. p. 435, dated 8th April [1830], says: 'Birds (some of them rare) shot and collected in the immediate vicinity of Dartford, during the last winter: Tantalus igneus, Ibis: A beautiful specimen, shot in Blendon Hall Park, Bexley, on the banks of the fish-pond.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 573, 2nd ed.) says: '...J. C. Hurst, Esq., of Dartford, sent me notice in 1837 of a specimen in his own collection that had been shot on the bank of a fish-pond in that neighbourhood.'

Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'Another was shot near Dartford, in 1837.'

Ticehurst (1909: 323) says: 'The earliest occurrence was recorded by J. C. Hurst, of Dartford. Evidently referring to the same bird, Collingwood gives the date as 1827, while Morris (Brit. Birds, IV. p. 178) adding to the confusion, refers to it as shot near Dartford in 1837.'

Comment Bexley is historically in Kent, but now in the Greater London area. However, the record is not acceptable to Kent Ornithological Society but it is for the Greater London area (Self 2014).

33). c. 1830 Devon River Tamar, near Warleigh, shot, undated, now at Natural History Museum, Tring.

(E. Moore, Transactions of the Plymouth Institution 1830: 325; E. Moore, Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History 1: 321; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Edward Moore of Plymouth (1830) in the Transactions of the Plymouth Institution, Vol. I. p. 325, says: 'The Rev. Mr. Radcliffe informs me, that one was shot near Warleigh, some years ago, and sent to the British Museum.'

Edward Moore of Plymouth (1837) in Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. I. p. 321, dated May, 1837, says: 'One shot near Warleigh, on the Tamar, was sent to the British Museum by the Rev. W. Radcliffe.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) in a footnote, say: 'One shot near Warleigh on the Tamar.' It was accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

34). 1831 Co. Durham Ryhope, immature, killed, September, now at Sunderland Museum.

(G. T. Fox, Transactions of the Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-upon-Tyne Natural History Society 2: 182; W. Backhouse, Zoologist 1846: 1263; Bolam, 1912; Temperley, 1951; Bowey & Newsome, 2012).

History W. Backhouse of Darlington (1846) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. IV, p. 1263, dated 11th December 1845, says: 'Glossy Ibis. Near Rothbury; a specimen shot to the south of Sunderland, is in the collection of Edward Backhouse, jun.'

Bolam (1912: 336) says: 'In (1831) in the Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-on-Tyne, Vol. II. p. 182, it is stated, in a footnote, that a Glossy Ibis had been "recently killed near Sunderland".'

Temperley (1951) says: 'G. T. Fox, in a footnote to a paper read on November 21st, 1831, and published in the Transactions of the Natural History Society (Vol. II. p. 182) entitled 'Notice of some Rare Birds recently killed in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham', wrote: "An Ibis of this species (Glossy Ibis of Selby) has been recently killed near Sunderland". This is the specimen mentioned by E. Backhouse, of Sunderland (MS. 1834) as follows: "A beautiful specimen in the immature plumage was killed by the sea-side near Sunderland in 1831. It was brought to me immediately it was shot and is now in my collection". It is also mentioned by Wm. Backhouse as having been shot "to the south of Sunderland" (Zoologist, 1846, p. 1262). This specimen is now in the Sunderland Museum and bears this label: "Shot on the shore at Ryhope, presented by E. Backhouse".' Accepted locally (Bowey & Newsome 2012).

35). 1833 Surrey Whitmore Pond, Guildford, shot, March or May.

(W. Kidd et al., Entomological Magazine 4: 272; Yarrell, 1845; Bucknill, 1900; Parr, 1972; Wheatley, 2007).

History W. Kidd et al. (1836-37) in the Entomological Magazine, Vol. IV. pp. 272, say: 'A single specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot at Witmore Pond, near Guildford, in March, 1833. W.S.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 573, 2nd ed.) says: '...another was killed at Whitmore-pond, near Guildford, in March 1833.'

Bucknill (1900: 216) says: 'A specimen is mentioned in the 'Letters of Rusticus', (where it is, of course, classed amongst the "occasional visitors") by Mr. William Stafford, in the following terms: "A single specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot at Whitemere Pond, near Guildford, in May, 1833 (L. of R., pp. 159 and 160)". This record is historical, though there is a slight though unimportant discrepancy as to date, the Entomological Magazine, in which it was first recorded, and Yarrell British Birds, 1st ed., Vol. II. p. 507, giving March as the month in which it was killed.'

Accepted locally (Wheatley 2007).

36). 1833 Norfolk Near Norwich, killed, October.

(Stevenson, 1870).

History Stevenson (1870 (2): 192) says: 'Again, in October 1833, according to Mr. Lombe, a single specimen was killed near Norwich, which is also mentioned in Mr. Joseph Clarke's MS. notes.'

37). 1834 Pembrokeshire Slebech, adult, shot, autumn.

(T. Dix, Zoologist 1869: 1677; Mathew, 1894; Lockley, 1949; Lovegrove, Williams & Williams, 1994).

History T. Dix (1869) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IV. p. 1677, says: 'I see in Mr. Tracy's notes that an adult bird, in full plumage, was killed at Slebech in the autumn of 1834.'

Accepted locally (Mathew 1894: 64; Lockley 1949: 52) and nationally as the first for Wales (Lovegrove, Williams & Williams 1994).

38). 1835 Devon Bridestow, obtained, October.

(Bellamy, 1839; Yarrell, 1845; Morris, 1863-67; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Bellamy (1839: 211) says: 'Tantalus igneus. Ibis. Rarely obtained. One shot in October, 1835, at Bridestow; has also been shot near Exeter and Dartmouth. Winter visitor.'

Yarrell (1845 (2): 573, 2nd ed.) says: 'One by Mr. Bellamy; this last was obtained in October 1835 at Brideston [sic] in South Devon.'

Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'One also at Bridestowe, in October, 1835.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) say: 'Another was shot at Bridestow, on the N.W. borders of Dartmoor, in October 1835.' It was accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

39). Pre 1837 Devon Slapton Ley, pair, obtained, undated.

(E. Moore, Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History 1: 321; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Edward Moore of Plymouth (1837) in Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History, Vol. I. p. 321, dated May, 1837, says: 'Mr. Charles Prideaux has a fine pair, male and female, killed at that prolific source of rare birds, Slapton Ley, near Dartmouth.' D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) in a footnote, say: 'A pair killed at Slapton Ley near Dartmouth (Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 321).' Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

41). 1839 Dorset Poole Harbour, killed, October.

(Yarrell, 1845; W. Thompson, Zoologist 1858: 6266-67; Morris, 1863-67; Mansel-Pleydell, 1888).

History Yarrell (1845 (2): 573, 2nd ed.) says: 'I heard of one that was killed in Poole Harbour in October 1839 from the Earl of Malmesbury, and also from J. C. Austin, Esq., of Ensbury, near Wimborne, [Dorset].'

W. Thompson of Weymouth (1858) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XVI. pp. 6266-67, dated 5th October 1858, says: 'It will be remembered that Yarrell records one killed in Poole Harbour in 1839.'

Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'In Dorsetshire, one, near Poole, in October, 1839. N. Rowe, Esq., of Worcester College, has also obligingly directed my attention to this instance of the occurrence of this very rare bird.'

Accepted locally (Mansel-Pleydell 1888, 2nd ed.).

42). 1840 Staffordshire River Trent, Fradley, shot, undated.

(Garner, 1844; Mosley, 1863; McAldowie, 1893; Whitlock, 1893; Smith, 1939; Harrison et al., 1982; Harrison & Harrison, 2005).

History Edwin Brown in Mosley (1863: 54) says: 'Another beautiful but uncommon bird, the Glossy Ibis, was shot on the Trent at Fradley, in 1840, and is now in the collection of Guy Gisborne, Esq., at Yoxall Lodge.' Further, p. 105, he adds:'This rare bird has been shot both at Fradley and at Chellaston within the last twenty years.'

McAldowie (1893: 103) says: 'A specimen, as recorded by Garner, Mosley, and Brown, was shot on the Trent at Fradley, in 1840, and formed part of the collection of Guy Gisborne, Esq., at Yoxall Lodge.'

Whitlock (1893: 159) says: 'Another example is recorded from Fradley, which, by a slip, Mr. Robert Garner places on the Dove. Fradley is a Staffordshire parish just bordering on Derbyshire, in the south-west. The former county has the best claim to this specimen, though it had doubtless passed up the Trent Valley to the locality where it was shot.'

Accepted locally for Staffordshire (Smith 1939: 179; Harrison & Harrison 2005).

43). 1842 Derbyshire Near Derby Railway Station, shot, February, now at Leicester Museum.

(T. Macaulay, Midland Naturalist 1882: 77; M. Browne, Zoologist 1886: 198; Browne, 1889; Whitlock, 1893; Frost, 1978).

History T. Macaulay (1882) in the Midland Naturalist, Vol. V. p.77, says: 'The Bickley collection in the Leicester Museum includes a specimen of this bird. I have been recently informed by the donor's brother that it was killed on the border of the county and within it.'

Montagu Browne (1886) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. X. p. 198, after quoting Macaulay in full, adds: 'On the back of the case, however, it is thus labelled: - "This rare and valuable specimen was shot near the Derby Railway Station in February, 1842. H.B.". Also, "Killed near Derby, February, 1842".'

Accepted locally (Whitlock 1893; Frost 1978).

Comment Derbyshire record. Fray et al. (2009) don't admit the species for Leicestershire.

44). 1842 Fife Kilconquhar Loch, adult, shot, September.

(Yarrell, 1845; Turnbull, 1867; Yarrell, 1871-85; H. M. Drummond Hay, Scottish Naturalist 8: 367; Rintoul & Baxter, 1935; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Forrester & Andrews et al., 2007).

History Yarrell (1845 (2): 574, 2nd ed.) says: 'A fine adult bird of this species was killed on the borders of the Loch of Kilconquhar on the coast of Fife, in September 1842. Mr. Hepburn, who shot the bird, called upon me and informed me and made the communication. I believe this is the first record of the capture of the Glossy Ibis in Scotland.'

Turnbull (1867, 2nd ed.) says: 'Mr. Hepburn shot one on the Fife coast in 1842.'

Admitted by Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 232, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds.

Admitted by H. M. Drummond Hay (1885-86) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. VIII. p. 367, in the Report of the East of Scotland Union.

Accepted nationally as the first for Scotland (Forrester & Andrews et al. 2007).

45). 1842 Dorset Lytchett Bay, Poole Harbour, two: immature male and immature female, shot, 30th September, now at Booth Museum, Brighton.

(Mansel-Pleydell, 1873, 1888; Booth, 1901).

History Mansel-Pleydell (1873: 30) says: 'A male and female were shot at Lytchett Bay in August, 1842.'

Accepted locally (Mansel-Pleydell 1888, 2nd ed.). Booth (1901: 206, 3rd ed.) says: 'A pair of immature birds, also from the Borrer collection shot on a mudbank in Lytchett Creek, Poole, Dorsetshire, September 30th, 1842.'

Comment Now at the Booth Museum, Brighton.

47). 1842 North-east Scotland Banchory, Kincardineshire, shot, September.

(New Statistical Account of Scotland, 1845; MacGillivray, 1837-52; Gray, 1871; G. Sim, Scottish Naturalist 6: 13; Yarrell, 1871-85; H. M. Drummond Hay, Scottish Naturalist 8: 367; Sim, 1903; Harvie-Brown, 1906; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Phillips, 1997; Forrester & Andrews et al., 2007).

History MacGillivray (1852 (4): 495) says: '...I believe, has very seldom been seen in Scotland, although I have seen skins of two individuals shot there: one in Ayrshire, the other near Banchory, Kincardineshire.'

Gray (1871: 286) says: 'This specimen appears to have been obtained near Banchory, in Kincardineshire, on the property of Sir James Burnett, Bart., about the year 1844. This bird, as I have been informed by Mr. Angus, was presented to the late Professor MacGillivray, in whose work, however, no particulars are given, although the simple occurrence is noted.'

George Sim of Aberdeen (1881-82) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. VI. p. 13, says: '...the third [for Scotland] near Banchory, Kincardineshire, 1844, the wings of which were given to the late Professor MacGillivray, and the occurrence is noted in his work on British Birds.'

Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 232, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'About the year 1844 one was shot near Banchory, in Kincardineshire, and its wings given to MacGillivray.'

H. M. Drummond Hay (1885-86) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. VIII. p. 367, in the Report of the East of Scotland Union, admits this record.

Sim (1903: 141) says: 'About fifteen years ago one was shot on the moors of Crathes (Adams). This would place the occurrence about 1844.'

Harvie-Brown (1906: 221) says: 'One said to have been obtained near Banchory, Kincardineshire, about 1844; but though it was mentioned to Mr. Gray that this bird was presented to Mr. Macgillivray by Mr. Craibe Angus, there is no notice taken of it by Macgillivray.'

Admitted nationally for Scotland (Baxter & Rintoul 1953 (1): 335).

Phillips (1997: 36) in making two records, one in 1842 and another c. 1844, says: 'It was shot at the Loch of Leys in September, 1842, and was recorded in the 'New Statistical Account of Scotland', (1845) as Ibis falcinellus, or Brazilian Curlew.' However, Forrester & Andrews et al. (2007) believe it to be just one record.

48). 1847 or 1848 Derbyshire Walton-on-Trent, shot, undated.

(Whitlock, 1893; Smith, 1939; Frost, 1978; Harrison et al., 1982; Harrison & Harrison, 2005).

History Whitlock (1893: 159) says: 'A second example, which does not appear to have been previously recorded, was shot many years ago at Walton-on-Trent. Mr. Charles Hanson, who was a boy at the time, tells me the circumstance is impressed upon his memory by the fact of his elder sister having to stuff the bird, his father being in London at the time (C. H., in litt.).'

Accepted for Staffordshire by Smith (1939: 179-180) who adds: '...now in Mr. G. H. Storer's collection, and was killed about 1847 or 1848 (G.H.S.)', and accepted locally for Derbyshire (Frost 1978).

Harrison & Harrison (2005) say: 'There is no evidence of it having been in Staffordshire, as the River Trent is wholly in Derbyshire in this vicinity.'

49). Pre 1850 Derbyshire Chellaston, shot, undated.

(J. J. Briggs, Zoologist 1850: 2796; Whitlock, 1893; Frost, 1978).

History J. J. Briggs (1850) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. VIII. p. 2796, under 'The Birds of Melbourne', says: 'A specimen of this beautiful species was captured a few years ago at Chellaston, a neighbouring village. It was seen passing over at an immense altitude, and being fired at with a fowling-piece, received a wound on the wing. It fell, and being taken alive, lived some months, feeding chiefly on young frogs. It was afterwards preserved by Mr. Cook, Museum, Derby.'

Accepted locally (Whitlock 1893; Frost 1978).

50). 1850 Sussex Piddinghoe, two, seen, about 22nd May, one adult male, shot, 26th May, now at Booth Museum, Brighton (BoMNH 207875).

(J. B. Ellman, Zoologist 1850: 2953, 2967; Borrer, 1891; Booth, 1901; Walpole-Bond, 1938; James, 1996).

History J. B. Ellman of Lewes (1850) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. VIII. p. 2953, dated 18th October, 1850, says: 'A beautiful male specimen of this scarce bird was shot at the above place [Piddinghoe], on the 21st of May last, and is now in my possession. A day or two previous, a pair were seen, and I have no doubt that the female specimen, mentioned in The Zoologist (Zool. 2879), killed in Norfolk, was the mate of my bird. This is the first time it has ever occurred in Sussex.'

Further, p. 2967, Mr. Ellman adds: 'The Glossy Ibis mentioned in The Zoologist (Zool. 2953), was shot on the 26th May last (not the 21st).'

Borrer (1891: 325) says: 'In my own notes I find the following: - "On May 25th, 1850, a male Ibis, in full mature plumage, was shot at Piddinghoe, near Newhaven, by a labourer, and was sold to a Mr. Baker, who sent it to the late Mr. Unwin, naturalist, of Lewes". Mr. Potter, writing to me, states that Mr. Unwin sent it to him to be set up, and that he purchased it for Mr. Ellman, from whom I bought it, and it is now in my collection.'

Booth (1901: 205, 3rd ed.) says: 'A fine male in full mature plumage, from the Borrer Collection, killed at Piddinghoe, near Newhaven, Sussex, by a labourer, May 25th, 1850. (Birds of Sussex, p. 325). Formerly in Mr. Ellman's collection.'

Accepted locally by Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 323) who adds: 'It was shot on the 26th May (Zool., p. 2953) not 25th May as in Borrer', while James (1996: 130) adds: '...now at the Booth Museum, Brighton (BoMNH 207875).'

52). 1850 Suffolk Blundeston Marshes, near Lowestoft, adult female, shot, 27th May.

(J. H. Gurney, Zoologist 1850: 2879; J. B. Ellman, Zoologist 1850: 2967; Stevenson, 1870; Ticehurst, 1932; Payn, 1978).

History J. H. Gurney (1850) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. VIII. p. 2879, dated 13th July, 1850, says: 'On the 27th of May last, a very beautiful adult specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot, on Blundeston Marsh, near Lowestoft. The bird was a female, but the ova were not larger than small peas.' Further, on p. 2967, Mr. Ellman who believed this bird to be the other one of two seen at Piddinghoe, Sussex, on about the 22nd May, adds: '...and Mr. Gurney records the Norfolk specimen as shot on the 27th of May.'

Recorded by Stevenson (1870 (2): 192-193). Ticehurst (1932: 321) says: 'It has been noted once in spring, viz., on 27th May 1850 on the Blundeston marshes.'

53). 1850 Yorkshire Easington, obtained, autumn.

(Clarke & Roebuck, 1881; Nelson, 1907; Mather, 1986).

History Clarke & Roebuck (1881: 52) say: 'Easington, near Spurn, one, autumn of 1850, in the collection of the late Mr. Cuthbert Watson (Lawton, MS.).' Nelson (1907 (2): 406) says: 'The first, as communicated to Mr. W. E. Clarke by Mr. Philip Loten, occurred at Easington, near Spurn, in the autumn of 1850, and passed into the collection of the late Cuthbert Watson.' Accepted locally (Mather 1986).

54). 1851 Devon Blatchborough, near Holsworthy, immature, caught, 7th September.

(Western Times 11th Oct., 1851; W. Tombs, jun., Morris and Bree's Naturalist 2: 19; J. Brooking Rowe, Transactions of the Plymouth Institution 1862-63: 76; Morris, 1863-67; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History W. Tombs, jun., of Exeter (1852) in Morris and Bree's edition of The Naturalist, Vol. II. p. 19, dated 4th November, 1851, says: 'A young specimen of this rare British visitor was captured at Blatchboro, near Holsworthy, on September 7th.'

J. Brooking Rowe (1862-63) in the Transactions of the Plymouth Institution, Vol. I. p. 76, says: 'I have heard of but one recently, which was shot at Holsworthy in September, 1851.'

Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'In the Western Times, of October 11th, 1851, it was recorded that a specimen of this exceedingly rare and interesting British visitor was shot at Holsworthy, in North Devon, a few days before the above date; it was on the 7th of September.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) say: 'One shot at Holsworthy, Sept. 7th, 1851, was recorded in the Western Times for Oct. 11th, 1851.' Further, in a footnote on the same page, they add: 'An immature bird captured at Blatchboro, near Holsworthy, Sept. 7th, 1851) (W.T., Naturalist, 1852, p. 19); J.B.R., Trans. Plym. Inst., 1862-63, p. 76; Morris, B. Birds, IV. p. 172). This specimen is now in the A. M. M., where there is also one said to have occurred near South Molton in Oct. 1851)!'

Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

Comment A. M. M. being the Albert Memorial Museum, Exeter.

55). 1852 Kent Near Reading Street, Tenterden, shot, December.

(Morris, 1863-67; Ticehurst, 1909; Harrison, 1953; http://www.kentos.org.uk/Records/GlossyIbis.htm).

History Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'Arthur Havers, Esq., of Tenterden, Kent, informs me of one killed near Reading-street, on the borders of Romney Marsh, in that county, in December, 1852.'

Ticehurst (1909: 324) says: 'Two other specimens are also recorded by Morris (l. c.). The first is stated, on the authority of Mr. Arthur Havers, of Tenterden, to have been shot in December, 1852, near Reading Street.'

Still acceptable (Kent Ornithological Society).

56). 1853 Shropshire Albrighton, two, male, shot, 3rd October.

(W. Franklin, Zoologist 1854: 4164-65; J. Rocke, Zoologist 1866: 81; Moore, 1863-67; Yarrell, 1871-85; W. E. Beckwith, Field 19th Dec., 1885: 876; Forrest, 1899; Rutter, Gribble & Pemberyon, 1964).

History W. Franklin of Shrewsbury (1854) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XII. pp. 4164-65, dated 2nd December, 1853, says: 'A Glossy Ibis was shot at Albrighton, four miles from this town, on the 3rd October last; it was a male bird in adult plumage. There were two of them together; they came to a small pool of water for several mornings about nine o'clock to feed on small shell-fish, which I found in the stomach of the one shot. The man that shot it was ploughing in a field near; they were by no means wild; he told me that he could have shot them before. I had it soon after it was shot, and sold it to a gentleman of this town who is making a collection of British birds; he saw it in the flesh.'

John Rocke of Shropshire (1866) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. I. p. 81, dated 31st October, 1865, says: 'In 1864 two very fine specimens of this rare bird were killed near Shrewsbury; one of them was preserved by Mr. Franklin, of that town; the other, which fell to the gun of the Sundorne keeper, was thrown away and never heard of till it was in too high a state of decomposition to be of any use.'

Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'A male bird, nearly in adult plumage, of the occurrence of which Mr. John Shaw is my informant, was shot at Albrighton, Salop, October 3rd, 1853; another was in company with it at the time. Mr. William Franklin has also written to me of this specimen.'

Admitted by Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds.

W. E. Beckwith of Wellington (1885) in The Field of 19th Dec., Vol. LXVI. p. 876, under 'Notes on Shropshire Birds', says: 'In the spring of 1854 two specimens of the Glossy Ibis were several times seen about a pool at Sundorne, near Shrewsbury, and were eventually shot; but, as one was thrown away, it was impossible to ascertain whether they were a pair.'

Forrest (1899: 140-141) says: 'This handsome purple-black bird has occurred only once in Shropshire - a pair near Sundorne in 1854. They would have been unnoticed but for the following curious circumstance. A countryman while waiting his turn to be served, in the shop of Mr. W. Franklin, in Mardol, was looking at the cases of stuffed birds, and seeing amongst these a Curlew, remarked that he had shot one on the previous day, only his was black! Mr. Franklin guessing what the bird must be, offered a liberal sum if the man would bring it to him; the man said he expected the pigs had eaten it, but that there were two of them, and he would try and shoot the other. Next day he brought in the Ibis, the pigs had not eaten it, but the second bird had escaped.'

Accepted locally (Rutter, Gribble & Pemberyon 1964).

Comment Rocke erroneously gave the date as 1864, but Forrest (1899) lists only the one record.

58). 1853 Dorset Christchurch Harbour, Hampshire, shot, October.

(J. Gardner, Morris and Bree's Naturalist 4: 66; Clark, 2022).

History James Gardner of Great Marlborough Street (1854) in Morris and Bree's edition of The Naturalist, Vol. IV. p. 66, dated 12th November, 1853, says: 'A specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot in October, in the Harbour near Christchurch, and is being preserved by Mr. Hart, of that place.'

59). 1853 Sussex Earnley Marshes, near Chichester, shot, November.

(Knox, 1855; Borrer, 1891; Walpole-Bond, 1938).

History Borrer (1891: 325) says: 'Mr. Knox (O. R., p. 228) has, "A specimen of this rare straggler in the possession of Mr. Duke, of Lavant, near Chichester, which was shot by Mr. Duke, jnr., of Earnley, on the marshes in that neighbourhood in November 1853".' Accepted locally (Walpole-Bond 1938 (2): 323).

60). 1854 Isles of Scilly Tresco, second-year, shot, 19th September.

(E. H. Rodd, Zoologist 1854: 4478; E. H. Rodd, Zoologist 1870: 2244; Harting, 1880; J. Clark & F. R. Rodd, Zoologist 1906: 302; Penhallurick, 1969; Flood, Hudson & Thomas, 2007).

History E. H. Rodd of Penzance (1854) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XII. p. 4478, dated 19th September, 1854, says: 'I have just received information of the capture of the Glossy Ibis on Trescoe, one of the larger islands at Scilly. The bird was observed picking up food at the edge of a pool: it appeared to be very tame, and was made to rise with some difficulty: this appears to have proceeded from its great emaciation, the body being a mere bag of bones.

My informant is John H. Jenkinson, Esq., who is on a visit to Mr. Smith, The Lord Proprietor of the islands. He writes me that the plumage is immature, being that of the second-year, the brown of the head and chin being streaked with white; upper parts of the plumage, including the tail, glossy greenish brown, with faint purplish tints.'

Harting, Editor (1880) in Rodd's Birds of Cornwall, says: 'Two specimens were procured at Scilly [this one and 1866], both of which were immature birds, having the chin and neck streaked with white, and the under parts of the plumage dull smoke brown.'

Further, p. 207, under 'Annual Summaries' read to the Royal Institution of Cornwall for 1854, Rodd adds: 'The Glossy Ibis, in immature plumage, was recently killed at Scilly by a friend of Mr. Smith, the Proprietor of the Islands.'

J. Clark & F. R. Rodd (1906) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. X. p. 302, under 'The Birds of Scilly', add 'The first Glossy Ibis obtained on Scilly was shot by Jenkinson on Tresco in September, 1854. It was evidently a two-year old bird.'

Accepted locally (Flood, Hudson & Thomas 2007).

61). 1855 Dorset Moreton, shot, undated.

(Mansel-Pleydell, 1888).

History Mansel-Pleydell (1888: 135, 2nd ed.) says: 'Single birds have been procured at Moreton in 1855.'

62). 1857 Orkney Head of Work, near Kirkwall, Mainland, immature, shot, 4th September.

(R. Dunn, Zoologist 1857: 5792; "H." Field 4th June 1859: 452; Gray, 1871; Yarrell, 1871-85; Buckley & Harvie-Brown, 1891; H. W. Robinson, Zoologist 1907: 431; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Booth, Cuthbert & Reynolds, 1984).

History R. Dunn of Stromness, Orkney (1857) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XV. p. 5792, dated 14th September, 1857, says: 'An immature specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot on the 4th inst.: this is the first specimen I am aware of being shot in Orkney.'

"H." of Melsetter, Orkney (1859) in The Field of 4th June, Vol. XIII. p. 452, says: 'The Glossy Ibis was killed near the town of Kirkwall two years since; in fact, the number of collectors there is so great no rare bird escapes the gun.'

Gray (1871: 287) says: 'Mr. J. H. Dunn informs me that a specimen was shot near Kirkwall, in October, 1857.'

Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'One was shot near Kirkwall, in Orkney, in October 1857.'

Buckley & Harvie-Brown (1891: 163) says: 'Mr. Ranken's father writes, under date of September 17th, 1857: - "Today I saw in Mr. Duguid's possession a specimen of this rara avis, shot in Orkney. Upon the head there was a semi-circle of dull white feathers, very narrow, extending from above each eye". The bird was shot by Mr. Hewison at the Head of Work, near Kirkwall.'

H. W. Robinson of Lancaster (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 431, says: 'another near Kirkwall as long ago as September, 1857, exactly half a century ago. It will be noticed that all three occurrences were in September during the autumn migration.' Accepted locally (Booth, Cuthbert & Reynolds 1984).

63). 1857 Nottinghamshire Misson, male, killed, 18th November.

(W. M. E. Milner, Zoologist 1858: 5958).

History W. M. E. Milner of Nunappleton (1858) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XVI. p. 5958, dated 24th December, 1857, says: 'On the 18th of November, 1857, a very fine male of the Glossy Ibis was taken at Misson, near Bawtry, in Yorkshire, which came into the hands of Mr. Hugh Reid, the celebrated birdstuffer, at Doncaster, and is now in my collection.'

64). 1857 Greater London/Kent Swanscombe Marsh, undated.

(Morris, 1863-67; Harrison, 1953; https://sites.google.com/site/historicalrarebirds/species/a-c/glossy-ibis; Self, 2014).

History Morris (1863-67 (5): 130, reissue) says: 'One, of which Mr. M. C. Cooke has informed me, was shot in a pond at Swanscombe, in Kent.' Still acceptable (Kent Ornithological Society) and for the Greater London area (Self 2014).

Comment M. C. Cooke was editor of Hardwicke's Science Gossip from 1865-73.

65). 1858 Carmarthenshire Laugharne Marsh, shot, 19th April.

(T. Hall, Zoologist 1858: 6096; Yarrell, 1871-85; Mathew, 1894; Lovegrove, Williams & Williams, 1994).

History Thomas Hall of London Wall (1858) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XVI. p. 6096, dated 29th April, 1858, says: 'I have received, for the purpose of preservation, a very fine specimen of the Glossy Ibis, killed on the 19th of this month, at Laugharne Marsh, near St. Clears, Carmarthenshire, South Wales.'

Admitted by Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds.

Mathew (1894: 64) says: 'Mr. Thomas Hall, birdstuffer, of London Wall, in The Zoologist for 1858, mentions another that was killed so near to the borders of the county as Laugharne Marsh. This was on April 19 in that year.'

Accepted nationally for Wales (Lovegrove, Williams & Williams 1994).

66). 1858 Dorset Kimmeridge, shot, September, now at County Museum, Dorchester.

(Mansel-Pleydell, 1873, 1888; W. R. Thompson, Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society 62: 118).

History Mansel-Pleydell (1873: 30) says: 'Another was flushed from a small pool at Little Kimmeridge, in September, 1868, and shot.' Mansel-Pleydell (1888: 135, 2nd ed.) says: 'Single birds have been procured at Kimmeridge in September 1858.'

W. R. Thompson (1941) in the Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Vol. LXII. p. 118, in a 'List of Species of Birds in the Dorset County Museum', says: 'Glossy Ibis - Kimmeridge, Sept., 1858 (J.C.M.-P.).'

Comment Many differences [errors] now creeping in Mansel-Pleydell's works of 1873 and 1888. Perhaps this is the same as the 1858 Near Wareham record as Kimmeridge is only five miles away and there has been no mention of more than one in any one article with these two records which you would expect. J. C. Mansel-Pleydell was author of the Birds of Dorsetshire.

67). 1858 Dorset Near Wareham, shot, late September.

(W. Thompson, Zoologist 1858: 6266-67; Mansel-Pleydell, 1873, 1888).

History W. Thompson of Weymouth (1858) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XVI. pp. 6266-67, dated 5th October, 1858, says: 'One day last week a boatman shot, in the immediate neighbourhood of Wareham, in the meadows opposite the Priory, a specimen of the Glossy Ibis: it has been purchased by C. O. Bartlett, Esq., of Wareham, and is now in the hands of Mr. Hart, of Christchurch, for preservation.'

Mansel-Pleydell (1873: 30) says: 'In 1858, one was shot in a meadow near Wareham, and purchased by the late Mr. C. O. Bartlett.' Later, Mansel-Pleydell (1888: 135, 2nd ed.) adds: 'Single birds have been procured in the Wareham meadow in 1857 [1858].'

Comment Many differences [errors] now creeping in Mansel-Pleydell's works of 1873 and 1888.

68). 1859 Dorset Christchurch Harbour, Hampshire, two, immatures, killed, September.

(Wise, 1863; Kelsall & Munn, 1905; Clark, 2022).

History Wise (1863: 316, 1st ed.) says: 'Mr. Hart killed a young pair in a meadow near Christchurch Harbour in September, 1859.' Accepted locally for Hampshire (Kelsall & Munn 1905: 207).

70). 1859 Dorset Poole Harbour, six, immatures, all shot, late September.

(W. Hart, Field 8th Oct., 1859: 303; T. M. Pike, Zoologist 1878: 296; Mansel-Pleydell, 1888; Kelsall & Munn, 1905; F. L. Blathwayt, Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society 55: 187; Prendergast & Boys, 1983).

History William Hart of West End, Christchurch (1859) in The Field of 8th Oct., Vol. XIV. p. 303, says: 'During the last week I have received (for preservation) five specimens of the Glossy Ibis - three males and two females - shot at Wareham, in Dorsetshire. Two of them, male and female, were killed at one shot by a gentleman named Panton.'

T. M. Pike of Westport, Wareham (1878) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. II. p. 296, says: 'The Glossy Ibis is occasionally met with in the neighbourhood of Poole Harbour. In 1859, to my knowledge no less than six of these birds occurred there; and, as I believe no mention of them has been made in The Zoologist, it may be as well to record them. Five of the specimens in question are now in Wareham, one of them in my possession. They were killed in the autumn in the upper part of the harbour, or rather on the marshes surrounding the mouths of the two rivers Frome and Trent. They were probably all young birds, being in dull plumage, and wanting the richer shades of chestnut which characterise the adult bird.'

Mansel-Pleydell (1888: 135, 2nd ed.) says: 'Since that date [1858] seven Dorsetshire specimens have passed through the hands of Mr. Hart of Christchurch. These were all obtained on the Wareham River and upper reaches of Poole harbour during the last week of September 1859. One of these is in the possession of Mr. J. Panton of Wareham, and another is in the collection of Mr. T. M. Pike. The late Mr. C. O. Bartlett had three in his collection, which had been shot in the neighbourhood of Wareham, and two others are in the possession of Mr. F. Squire of that town.'

Admitted by F. L. Blathwayt (1934) in the Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Vol. LV. p. 187, under 'A Revised List of the Birds of Dorset'.

76). 1859 Somerset Shapwick Heath, shot, autumn.

(H. W. Newman, Zoologist 1860: 6889; A. P. Morres, Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine 21: 222; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; M. A. Mathew, Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological & Natural History Society 39: 120; Somerset Ornithological Society, 1988; Ballance, 2006).

History H. W. Newman of Cheltenham (1860) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XVIII. p. 6889, dated 1st February, 1860, says: '...and that beautiful bird the Glossy Ibis was taken at Shapwick, in the county of Somerset, some months ago, and is in the possession of Mr. White, an intelligent birdstuffer, living in the upper part of the Bath Road.'

Smith (1869: 367) says: 'One specimen of this rare summer visitor having been killed in this county, in a part of the marsh called Turf Moor, in the autumn of 1859 or 1860, I have to include it in this list: it was sent to Mrs. Turle, the birdstuffer, at Taunton, for preservation, and was there seen, while still in the flesh, by Mr. Haddon, Mr. Bidgood and several others: it is now in the possession of the person who shot it.'

A. P. Morres (1884) in the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Vol. XXI. p. 222, says: 'I remember a beautiful specimen of this bird being shot, when I was a boy, in the peat moors of Shapwick, which lie between Glastonbury and Bridgewater, about the year 1850.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) say: 'The Somerset Peat Moors have produced a couple of examples; one of them, shot at Shapwick in 1859, is now in the collection of Sir H. Harpur Crewe, Bart., at Calke Abbey, Derbyshire.'

M. A. Mathew (1893) in the Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological & Natural History Society, Vol. XXXIX. p. 120, says: 'Only one Somerset specimen; shot on the Turf Moor, in the autumn of 1859 or 1860.'

Accepted locally (Ballance 2006).

Comment Presumably, these reports refer to the one record, albeit, varying somewhat.

77). 1859 Lancashire & North Merseyside Marton Mere, Blackpool, shot, undated.

(J. B. Hodgkinson, Zoologist 1874: 4158; Saunders, 1892; Oakes, 1953; White, McCarthy & Jones, 2008).

History J. B. Hodgkinson of Preston (1874) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IX. p. 4158, dated 10th August, 1874, says: 'Fifteen years ago a fine Ibis was shot near Lytham by the late Mr. Eden's keeper: it was sent to Sharples, of this town, to stuff; the man called it a "black curlew"; I saw it in the flesh: it was noted in the Preston papers at the time; from then to Mr. Eden's death I kept a look out for it, when I purchased it at the sale, a month ago.'

Accepted locally (Saunders 1892: 148-149; Oakes 1953: 198; White, McCarthy & Jones 2008).

78). c. 1860 Cleveland/Yorkshire Near Liverton and Moorsholm area, seen, undated.

(Nelson, 1907; Blick, 2008).

History Nelson (1907 (2): 406) says: 'The late Canon J. C. Atkinson of Danby, writing on 29th May 1880, remarked that "An Ibis was seen near Liverton and Moorsholm vicinity, in Cleveland, for some days, about twenty years ago; one day I took my gun, but the bird flew away".' Accepted locally for Cleveland by Blick (2008) who adds that it was shot!

79). 1862 Shetland Stove, Haroldswick, Unst, immature, shot, late October.

(H. L. Saxby, Zoologist 1863: 8448; H. L. Saxby, Naturalist 1865; Gray, 1871; Yarrell, 1871-85; Saxby, 1874; Evans & Buckley, 1899; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Pennington et al., 2004).

History H. L. Saxby of Baltasound, Shetland (1863) in The Zoologist, 1st series, Vol. XXI. p. 8448, dated 25th January, 1863, says: 'About the end of October, 1862, immediately after a gale from the S.W., a specimen of the Glossy Ibis was brought to Dr. Edmondston by a man who had just shot it in his corn-yard, in this neighbourhood. The skin was preserved, and it appears to be that of an immature bird; for, although, the whole length (23 inches) is fully equal to that of an adult, the irregular white bars across the throat, the dull rusty hue of the neck and under parts, and the white tips of the feathers of the head, sufficiently indicate its age. Neither the sex nor the contents of the stomach were noted by the man who prepared the skin. The bird appeared to be much exhausted, and would scarcely take wing when disturbed.'

Gray (1871: 286-287) says: 'An immature bird, which was shot in a corn-yard, at Baltasound, Shetland, in October, 1862, was recorded by Dr. Saxby in The Naturalist, for October, 1865.'

Saxby (1974) adds: 'About the end of October 1862, immediately after a southwesterly gale, a man living at Stove, in Unst, shot a Glossy Ibis in his corn-yard. The skin was preserved, but neither the sex nor the contents of the stomach were noted. The bird appeared to be much exhausted, and would scarcely take wing when disturbed. The skin was not dry when I took down the following measurements and general description: - Length, 23 in.; Wing, from flexure to tip, 11.5 in.; Bill, from front to tip 5 in.; Tarsus, 4 and one eighth; Middle toe and its claw, 3 and a quarter in.

Bill, dark brown, tinged with green, paler at the base, where it is of the same colour as the naked skin upon the lore - pale olive-green. Iris, said to have been dark brown. Head, neck, and upper surface. - Head and neck rusty brown; on front of upper part of neck, and on the top of the head, some dingy white marks; in the situation last named there are also some indistinct brownish spots. Upper part of back rather darker than neck, and indistinctly bronzed. Scapulars, upper tail coverts, and lower half of back, deep glossy green, changing to purple in certain directions of the light. Tail coloured in the same manner as the scapulars. Wings. - Both sets of coverts and the whole of the quills deep glossy green, with purple and bronze reflections. Under surface. - From lower part of neck to tail dark brown, slightly glossed with green, bronze, and purple, especially on the sides. Tarsi, feet, and bare part of tibiae, olive-green; claws brownish olive-green.

Although the specimen is nearly equal in size to an adult, the markings on the head and front of the neck indicate youth; the adult is redder beneath, and has the general plumage more glossed.

Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'An immature bird at Unst, in the Shetlands, in October 1862, after a south-westerly gale.'

Evans & Buckley (1899: 127) add: 'This specimen is generally regarded as having been correctly identified by Dr. Edmondston, to whom it was brought, though only some half dozen are on record for Scotland.'

Accepted locally (Pennington et al. 2004).

80). 1863 Yorkshire Filey, immature, caught, undated.

(Cordeaux, 1872; Nelson, 1907; Mather, 1986).

History Cordeaux (1872: 107) says: 'An immature specimen was obtained at Filey, in 1863 (Roberts' Scarborough List).'

Nelson (1907 (2): 406) says: 'An immature example, in Admiral Mitford's collection, was captured at Filey in 1863, and is noted in Roberts' Scarborough list.' Accepted locally (Mather 1986).

Comment Alfred Roberts was a taxidermist who also preserved the 1847 Lincolnshire Macqueen's Bustard, which after a review (2004) has been found to be still acceptable.

81). 1866 Isles of Scilly Tresco, immature, shot, 8th October.

(E. H. Rodd, Zoologist 1866: 524; E. H. Rodd, Field 20th Oct., 1866: 304; Harting, 1880; F. R. Rodd & J. Clark, Zoologist 1906: 302; Penhallurick, 1969; Flood, Hudson & Thomas, 2007).

History Edward Hearle Rodd of Penzance (1866) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. I. p. 524, dated 13th October, 1866, says: 'A bird of the year of the Ibis was shot on one of the Scilly Isles last Monday: it is a smaller specimen than the specimen killed there twelve years ago, which we put down as a two-year old. I examined the present specimen yesterday, after it was skinned, but I am told it was in full flesh: the whole of the under parts are dull smoke-brown: the chin and neck have some of the feathers bordered with white; the upper parts lapwing-green. The middle claw is serrated.'

E. H. Rodd (1866) in The Field of 20th Oct., Vol. XXVIII. p. 304, dated 13th October, says: 'The Glossy Ibis was shot at Scilly on the 8th inst. The last bird, about twelve years since, was apparently a two-year old, as the under parts were bay. This specimen has the underparts smoke-brown; the neck variegated with small white lines and spots.'

Harting, Editor (1880) in Rodd's Birds of Cornwall, says: 'Two specimens were procured at Scilly [this one and 1854], both of which were immature birds, having the chin and neck streaked with white, and the under parts of the plumage dull smoke brown.'

J. Clark & F. R. Rodd (1906) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. X. p. 302, under 'The Birds of Scilly', say: 'Another specimen - a bird of the year - was obtained by Jenkinson at Tresco on Oct. 8th, 1866.'

Accepted locally (Flood, Hudson & Thomas 2007).

82). 1866 Devon River Otter, Budleigh Salterton, immature, shot, 11th October.

(M. A. Mathew, Zoologist 1866: 524; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History Murray A. Mathew (1866) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. I. p. 524, dated 15th October, 1866, says: 'I was today in the shop of Mr. Truscott, birdstuffer in Exeter, and there saw a specimen of the Glossy Ibis, which had been shot on the 11th, at the mouth of the River Otter, at Budleigh Salterton. It is a young bird in the plumage of its first autumn.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) say: 'We have never had the fortune to come across a Glossy Ibis ourselves, but we handled one which was still warm at Budleigh Salterton, in South Devon, in Sept. 1866. We met a sailor carrying the bird in one hand and a gun in the other, who told us that he had seen it that morning on a strip of sand at the mouth of the Otter. After his dinner he had taken a gun and had found the bird at the same place. It was very tame, allowing him to walk up to it and shoot it, and he had a few moments before we came up sold it to somebody for a shilling!'

Accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

83). 1866 Dorset Wareham, obtained, 22nd October.

(J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1869: 1511).

History J. H. Gurney, jun., of Darlington (1869) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IV. p. 1510, under 'List of the Rarer Birds obtained by Mr. Hart in the vicinity of Christchurch, Hants'., says: 'Glossy Ibis - 22nd October 1866, Wareham.' Further, on p. 1512, he summarises: 'Mr. E. Hart or his father (the late Mr. W. Hart) had all the above named birds in the flesh.'

84). 1867 Surrey Woking, killed, undated.

(Bucknill, 1900; Parr, 1972; Wheatley, 2007).

History Bucknill (1900: 216) says: 'In the Charterhouse collection there is a specimen "killed at Woking, 1867", and Mr. Stafford adds: "This is a rare bird".' Wheatley (2007: 219) says: 'Specimen no longer there in Charterhouse Collection.'

85). 1868 Norfolk Great Yarmouth, seen, early January.

(H. Stevenson, Zoologist 1868: 1493; Stevenson, 1870; Allard, 1990).

History H. Stevenson of Norwich (1868) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. III. p. 1493, says: 'I have since heard from Mr. Rising, from Horsey, that an Ibis was seen in the vicinity of Yarmouth early in January last.'

86). 1868 Norfolk Stalham, immature male, killed, 13th September.

(T. E. Gunn, Zoologist 1868: 1423, H. Stevenson, Zoologist 1868: 1493; "E.A." Hardwicke's Science Gossip 1869: 17; T. E. Gunn, Zoologist 1869: 1517; Stevenson, 1870; F. W. Frohawk, Field 19th Nov., 1925: 879; Allard, 1990).

History T. E. Gunn of Norwich (1868) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. III. p. 1423, dated 14th September, 1868, says: 'I have received this day, for preservation, a beautiful immature male specimen of the Glossy Ibis, in the flesh, from Stalham (but cannot at present say: whether shot in that particular locality). The bird was rather fat, and weighed one pound six ounces, being four ounces more than Morris, in his British Birds, allows for the average weight of adult birds, and six ounces above the average of immature birds.' Further, H. Stevenson (1869) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IV. p. 1493, adds: "this bird was killed on the 13th".'

T. E. Gunn (1869) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IV. p. 1517, adds: '...shot at Stalham by Mr. B. C. Silcock, of that parish.'

"E.A." of Norwich (1869) in Hardwicke's Science Gossip, p. 17, in the 1st January issue, says: 'A fine specimen of the now rare visitor to the Norfolk coast, the Glossy Ibis (Ibis falcinellus), was shot near Stalham last month.'

Stevenson (1870 (2): 193-194) adds: 'This bird which is now in the possession of Mr. Silcock of that place, proved to be a female, apparently in the plumage to which the terms are "glossy" has been usually applied. The head and upper parts of the neck are light reddish-brown streaked with white, some of the feathers being white at the tips, and others white only along the outer edge of the web on either side with the tips brown. The lower part of breast, and under plumage generally, is reddish-brown, with green and purple feathers intermixed, the latter chiefly on the flanks. The back is glossed with purple and green reflections. Scapulars, wing-coverts, and quill-feathers, bright glossy-green, having a bronzed hue, the latter deepest in colour, as also the tail-feathers. The primaries darker in colour than the secondaries. Weight one pound six ounces; total length twenty-five and a half inches; extent of wings forty two and a half inches; from the carpal joint to the end of longest quill (second) twelve inches; bill, following the curve of the upper mandible, five and three quarters inches; tail four and a half inches; bare portion of tibia, two and three quarter inches; tarsus four and a half inches; middle toe and claw three inches and three eighths; hind toe and claw one inch and three quarters; outer toe two inches and seven eighths.

The stomach was empty with the exception of one minute shell of the periwinkle. As shown by the measurements and descriptions given by Montagu in his Supplement these birds vary much both in size and colouring, the females being somewhat smaller than the males, and in their immature stages showing more white about the head and neck.'

F. W. Frohawk (1925) in The Field of 19th Nov., Vol. CXLVI. p. 879, says: 'On November 10th last, the disposal took place at Stevens' Auction Rooms, Covent Garden, of the first portion of the very remarkable collection of British birds, formed by the late Sir Vauncey Harpur Crewe, Bart., during about fifty years of his life....A Glossy Ibis, shot by B. C. Silcock, at Sutton, Norfolk, September 13th, 1868, sold at £6.5s.'

87). 1869 Devon River Dart, near Totnes, shot, 20th September.

(A. de Hügel, Zoologist 1869: 1917; J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1876: 4844; D'Urban & Mathew, 1892; Tyler, 2010).

History A. de Hügel of Torquay (1869) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. IV. p. 1917, dated October, 1869, says: 'One of these rare birds was shot on the River Dart, not far from Totnes, on the 20th of September, and was brought to Mr. Shopland, the naturalist, at Torquay. It is now in my possession, and is nearly in full plumage: its colours are - bill blackish green, tinged with purple; naked skin around the eye dark olive-green; crown and sides of head (as far back as the ear-coverts) dark greenish-brown, streaked with dull greenish white; neck, nape, throat and breast deep rich reddish brown; back dark rich green, enlivened with glittering shades of purple and bright green; wings and tail dark brownish green, richly bronzed with purple; below brownish green; legs and feet blackish green. I have given the colour of the ibis thus minutely as it varies to a great extent in different specimens.'

J. H. Gurney, jun. (1876) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. XI. p. 4844, undated, says: 'In The Zoologist (s.s. 1917), Baron von Hügel notes the occurrence of a Glossy Ibis on the River Dart; he describes the specimen at some length, which he states "is nearly in full plumage". Through his kindness it is now in our collection.

Though very good for a British one, it is some way of being in full plumage, being speckled with white feathers about the head, and lacking the rich bay which characterises the adult. I said some time ago (s.s. 3025) that the Purple Heron, Squacco Heron and Night Heron, though always accidental migrants in Norfolk, had been much more plentiful prior to 1833 than they had since. The same remark seems to apply to the Glossy Ibis. Mr. Stevenson (Birds of Norfolk, Vol. I. p. 191) enumerates eleven specimens between 1818 and 1853, as against two since.'

D'Urban & Mathew (1892: 199) in a footnote, say: 'One shot on the Dart not far from Totnes, Sept. 20th, 1869 (Von H., Zool., 1869, p. 1917) is in the collection of Mr. J. H. Gurney.' It was accepted locally (Tyler 2010).

88). 1869 Lincolnshire Read's Island, South Ferriby, shot, autumn.

(Cordeaux, 1872; Smith & Cornwallis, 1955; Lorand & Atkin, 1989).

History Cordeaux (1872: 107) says: 'Sometime in the autumn of 1869 a Glossy Ibis was shot on Reed Island near the mouth of the Trent by Mr. R. Pilkington, and received in the flesh by Mr. Gravil, of Epworth. It is now in the collection of Mr. J. H. Gurney, jun.' Accepted locally (Lorand & Atkin 1989).

89). 1870 Dorset Christchurch Harbour, Hampshire, pair, obtained, August, now at Leicester Museum.

(Kelsall & Munn, 1905; Clark, 2022).

History Kelsall & Munn (1905: 207) say: 'In the Hart collection are a male and female procured in August, 1870, from the district.' Clark (2022) states that a pair were shot by J. Derham in Christchurch Harbour, August 1870 and is in the Hart collection.

91). 1872 Essex Paglesham, immature, shot, 15th October.

(Christy, 1890; Glegg, 1929; Hudson & Pyman, 1968; Cox, 1984; Wood, 2007).

History Christy (1890: 189) says: 'The only one recorded to have been met with in Essex was shot by Mr. J. F. T. Wiseman when snipe-shooting on Oct. 15th, 1872, and is now in his possession. It rose from the old decoy pond on one of Mr. Wiseman's farms on the South Hall Marshes, Paglesham and was preserved by Travis (Benton, 1867-88). It is an immature bird.' Accepted locally (Cox 1984; Wood 2007).

92). 1874 Yorkshire Brayton Bridge, near Selby, adult, killed, late May.

(J. Beswick, Field 13th June 1874: 593; Clarke & Roebuck, 1881; Nelson, 1907; Mather, 1986).

History John Beswick of Selby (1874) in The Field of 13th June, Vol. XLIII. p. 593, dated 2nd June, says: 'A Glossy Ibis was killed during the last week of May in the neighbourhood of Selby. The bird was in full plumage, and is now in the possession of Mr. Carr, taxidermist, of Selby.'

Clarke & Roebuck (1881: 52) say: 'Selby, a mature bird, at Brayton Bridge, last week of May, 1874, in the collection of Mr. J. Jackson (Cordeaux, MS.; Matthewman, MS.).'

Nelson (1907 (2): 406) adds: '...in the possession of Mr. J. Jackson of Cawood.' Accepted locally (Mather 1986).

93). 1876 Sussex Between Arundel and Ford, adult, shot, 20th August, now at Booth Museum, Brighton (BoMNH 207874).

(W. B. Ellis, Field 26th Aug., 1876: 251; J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1876: 5120; W. Jeffery, Zoologist 1879: 109; Borrer, 1891; Booth, 1901; Walpole-Bond, 1938; James, 1996).

History W. B. Ellis of Arundel (1876) in The Field of 26th August, Vol. XLVIII. p. 251, says: 'An immature specimen of the Glossy Ibis was shot in a water meadow on the 20th inst. near Arundel. It was in pretty good condition. I do not know whether the strong south-easterly wind of Sunday morning had anything to do with its appearance. It is now in my hands for preservation.'

J. H. Gurney, jun. (1876) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. XI. p. 5120, writing from Antwerp, says: 'I hear a Glossy Ibis has just been taken in Sussex, but I have not seen it.' William Jeffery (1879) in The Zoologist, 2nd series, Vol. III. p. 109, says: 'On November 1st, 1876, Mr. Willett, of Brighton, informed me that a Glossy Ibis had been shot near Arundel about a month previously, and had come into his possession.'

Borrer (1891: 325) quoting from above, says: 'Mr. Ellis, naturalist, of Arundel, who preserved the bird, told me it was shot in a water-meadow, between Arundel and Ford.'

Booth (1901: 205, 3rd ed.) says: 'One of these rare stragglers to England was shot between Arundel and Ford, Sussex, in October, 1876. It was presented by Mr. Henry Willett.'

Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 323) says: 'This, of course, is the same bird as that very loosely recorded in The Zoologist in 1876 and 1879 by Messrs. J. H. Gurney and W. Jeffery, respectively. It resides, wrongly labelled (October, 1876), in the Booth Museum, Brighton.'

James (1996: 130) adds: 'Its an adult shot on 20 August, 1876, and is now at the Booth Museum, Brighton (BoMNH 207874).'

94). 1876 Dorset Christchurch Harbour, Hampshire, two immatures: male and female, shot, September, now at Horniman Museum, London (NH.83.3/119).

(A. P. Morres, Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine 21: 223; Kelsall & Munn, 1905; Hart MS.; Clark, 2022).

History A. P. Morres (1884) in the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Vol. XXI. p. 223, says: 'The most recent occurrence was one at Christchurch, in 1876, a very good bird, which Hart has in his collection.'

Kelsall & Munn (1905: 207) say: 'In the Hart collection is an immature specimen obtained in September, 1876, from the district.'

Edward Hart writing in April 1927 states that this cased immature pair were shot in Christchurch Harbour in September 1876 and mounted by me.

96). 1877 Dorset Poole Harbour, four, October.

(T. M. Pike, Zoologist 1878: 296; Yarrell, 1871-85; F. L. Blathwayt, Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society 55: 187; A. Bull, British Birds 51: 118; Prendergast & Boys, 1983).

History T. M. Pike of Westport, Wareham (1878) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. II. p. 296, says: 'The Glossy Ibis is occasionally met with in the neighbourhood of Poole Harbour....A man named Gover told me that one stormy, wet morning in October, 1877, while going down to Poole in a "lighter" behind a tug steamer, just after daylight, he saw four birds on the mud at the edge of a small creek running into the Wareham channel; that they were like Curlews in appearance, but stood a little higher on their legs, and were black in colour. This information he volunteered, remarking at the same time that he had no doubt the birds were "Ibises - same as I shot afore", alluding to the fact of his having killed one of the birds procured in 1859.

I think there can be no doubt that the species visited us again last year; but I am unable to state the fact from personal observation. The man said they were very tame, allowing the tugs and lighters to pass close by them, without offering to move; on their return from Poole the flowing tide had covered the banks, and of course the birds were gone. The man's evidence was corroborated by the men on the tug. I have known him along time, and he is very intelligent regard the harbour-birds. His occupation having necessitated his going up and down between Wareham and Poole on an average oftener than once a day for the last twenty or thirty years, he has naturally had good opportunities for observation. He has not shown much worldly wisdom, however, in the price he was asked and accepted for some of the rarer birds shot by him, e.g., half-a-crown for a splendid specimen of "Sabine's Snipe", and five shillings for a perfect adult-plumaged Common Crane (Grus cinerea). He had some difficulty in getting so much for it; and had actually determined to take it home and eat it, as it was a large fat bird, and he calculated that it would be of more use to his family in the way of sustenance than the half-crown he was munificently offered for it! At last, however, he got his five shillings, and the Crane was saved.'

Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'And a good many birds have been attracted by the congenial district near Poole Harbour in Dorsetshire.'

Admitted locally by F. L. Blathwayt (1934) in the Proceedings of the Dorset Natural History and Antiquarian Society, Vol. LV. p. 187, under 'A Revised List of the Birds of Dorset'.

Arthur Bull (1958) in British Birds, Vol. LI. p. 118, erroneously states that these were shot.

Comment Not sure which Dorset Common Crane they are referring to, possibly the one in 1869 at Wareham or others that occurred earlier at Poole.

100). 1880 North-east Scotland Ythan Estuary, Aberdeenshire, male, shot, 4th October.

(W. Horn, Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Glasgow 4: 247; G. Sim, Zoologist 1881: 26; G. Sim, Scottish Naturalist 6: 13; Yarrell, 1871-85; H. M. Drummond Hay, Scottish Naturalist 8: 367; Sim, 1903; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Phillips, 1997).

History William Horn (1878-80) in the Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Glasgow, Vol. IV. p. 247, says: 'Mr. G. Sim tells me that a male specimen, in beautiful plumage, was shot on the sand-flats at the mouth of the Ythan, at Newburgh, on 4th October, 1880.'

G. Sim of Aberdeen (1881) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. V. p. 26, undated, says: 'A Glossy Ibis was shot on the mud-flats near the mouth of the River Ythan, in this county, on October 4th. The bird was a male, and in fine condition; its stomach was filled with a fibrous vegetable matter, along with sixty-six specimens of the rat-tailed maggot (larva of the drone fly, Eristalis tenax); two small pupae, different, and unknown to me; four species of beetles, two of one sort and one each of the others, one of them being aquatic; four specimens of Cyclas flavescens; fragments of Limnaeus pereger; and eight small specimens of Mytilus pusillus, as also five angular pieces of stone about the size of small peas. Extent of wings 39½ inches; from point of beak to end of tail, 24 inches; tarsus, 4¼ inches; middle toe, including nail, 3¼ inches; beak, along ridge, 5½ inches; beak, eyes and toes, greenish grey; sides of head bare, and of the same colour as the beak; these bare parts, at their juncture with the feathers, both above and below eyes, were edged with a narrow line of greenish white; iris brown; weight, 1½ pounds. The sixth known to have occurred in Scotland.'

George Sim of Aberdeen (1881-82) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. VI. p. 13, says: 'On 4th October, Mr. Moir of Tarty shot a specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Ibis falcinellus) on the mud-flats near the mouth of the Ythan, Aberdeenshire. The bird was a male and in good condition; its stomach was filled with a fibrous vegetable matter along with sixty-six specimens of the rat-tailed maggot (larva of Drone Fly, Eristalis tenax); two small pupa, different and unknown to me; four species of beetles, two of one sort, and one each of the others, one of them being aquatic; four specimens of Cyclas flavescens; fragments of Limnaeus pereger; and eight small specimens of Mytilus pusillus; as also five angular species [pieces] of stone, about the size of small peas....So far as I can make out, this is the sixth occurrence of the species in Scotland.'

Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 233, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'On the 4th of October, 1880, a male in good condition was shot on the mud-flats near the mouth of the Ythan, Aberdeenshire.'

H. M. Drummond Hay (1885-86) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. VIII. p. 367, under 'Report of the East of Scotland Union', admits this record. Sim (1903: 141) says: '...shot by Mr. Moir, of Tarty, in whose possession it still is.'

101). 1881 Lincolnshire Gibraltar Point, shot, August, now at Great North Museum: Hancock, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

(Howse, 1899).

History Howse (1899: 93) in his Index-Catalogue of the Birds in the Hancock Collection, says: 'Case 92. 2 (right). Shot at Gibraltar Point, Lincolnshire, by a Coastguardman, Aug., 1881. One of three shot at the same time. Received through the kindness of Capt. H. C. St. John.'

Comment Relation of Charles St John. H.N., Feb. 3rd., 1885. Not mentioned in the journals of the day, but possible the 9th September individual.

102). 1881 Norfolk Cley-next-the-Sea, seen, 6th September.

(H. Stevenson, Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society 3: 551; H. Stevenson, Zoologist 1883: 318-319).

History Henry Stevenson (1879-84) in the Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society, Vol. III. p. 551, and (1883) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. VII. pp. 318-319, says: 'September [1881]. Mr. Power's belief that he saw a bird of this species at Cley, on the 6th, was no doubt well founded, as a male bird, was killed on the Wolferton marshes near Lynn on the 16th. Others were seen at the same time, and a second example was said to have been shot.'

Comment Counted as a separate record due to the statement above.

103). 1881 Lincolnshire Skegness, immature male, shot, 9th September.

(J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode, Migration Report 3: 29; Eds., Zoologist 1881: 469; J. Cullingford, Zoologist 1882: 22; J. Cordeaux, Zoologist 1891: 365; Yarrell, 1871-85; Smith & Cornwallis, 1955; Lorand & Atkin, 1989).

History In an Editorial (1881) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. V. p. 469, they say: 'We have heard of two others obtained this autumn, one in Lincolnshire....'

J. Cullingford of University Museum, Durham (1882) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. VI. p. 22, says: 'An immature specimen of this bird was shot at Skegness, Lincolnshire, on the 9th September, 1881. On dissection it proved to be a male.' [This is the specimen to which reference is made, Zoologist, 1881, p. 469. - Ed.]

Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 232, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'Two were killed at Skegness, in Lincolnshire, in the autumn of 1881.'

J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode (1882) in the Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1881, 3rd report, p. 29, say: 'Four occurrences in September...one at Skegness, Lincolnshire, Sept. 9th.'

J. Cordeaux (1891) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. XV. p. 365, says: '1881, an immature bird shot at Skegness on Sept. 9th, and another on the 27th (Mig. Rep. 1881, p. 29; Zool., 1882, p. 22).' Accepted locally (Lorand & Atkin 1989).

104). 1881 Hampshire Tundry Lake, Dogmersfield Park, near Odiham, male, shot, 15th September.

(R. Hooper, Zoologist 1881: 494; Eds., Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 827; J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode, Migration Report 3: 29; A. P. Morres, Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine 21: 222; Kelsall & Munn, 1905; Clark & Eyre, 1993).

History Richard Hooper of Upton Rectory, Didcot (1881) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. V. p. 494, says: 'The specimen of this bird, referred to in your editorial note (p. 469) as having been killed in Hampshire, was shot at Dogmerfield Park, on the 15th September last, by one of Sir H. Mildmay's keepers.'

In an Editorial (1881) in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, p. 827, they say: 'Mr. Sclater exhibited a specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), belonging to Sir Henry Mildmay, Bart. The specimen in question had been shot on one of the lakes of Dogmersfield Park, Hampshire, on the 5th of September, 1881, by one of the under keepers, and had been mounted by Mr. G. Clothier, of Odiham. Mr. Sclater had examined the specimen, which had been ascertained to be of the male sex, in the flesh.'

J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode (1882) in the Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1881, 3rd report, p. 29, say: 'Four occurrences in September...another in Hampshire, at Dogmerfield, Sept. 15th.'

A. P. Morres (1884) in the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine, Vol. XXI. p. 222, says: 'A pair of these birds were also seen flying over the town of Odiham, near Basingstoke, in 1881, by a Mr. Forster, a photographer. One of these birds was shot, a few days after, on September 24th, by an under-gamekeeper of Sir H. Mildmay's, at the lake in Dogmersfield Park, while another was killed, a few days later, in Norfolk, possibly the remaining specimen.'

Kelsall & Munn (1905: 207) say: 'A male was shot on Tundry Lake, in Dogmersfield Park, near Odiham, in September, 1881 (Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc.).'

Accepted locally (Clark & Eyre 1993).

105). 1881 Norfolk Wolferton, killed, 16th September, now at Mansfield Museum.

(T. Southwell, Zoologist 1881: 469; H. Stevenson, Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society 3: 551; J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode, Migration Report 3: 29; H. Stevenson, Zoologist 1883: 318-319).

History T. Southwell (1881) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. V. p. 469, says: 'Mr. George Cresswell informs me that a male bird of this species, now in his possession, was killed on the Wolferton Marshes, near Lynn, on September 16th. Others were seen at the time, and he believes a second one killed, but he has not at present been able to ascertain what has become of it. Messrs. Sheppard and Whitear, in their 'Catalogue of Norfolk and Suffolk Birds', speak of one of these birds as having been killed near Lynn in the winter of 1818....' [We have heard of two others obtained this autumn, Lincolnshire, the other in Hampshire, but no particulars of their capture are yet to hand. - Ed.]

J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode (1882) in the Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1881, 3rd report, p. 29, say: 'Four occurrences in September, namely, one killed near Lynn, and another seen.'

Henry Stevenson (1879-84 (3): 551) in the Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society and (1883) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. VII. pp. 318-319, says: 'September [1881]. Mr. Power's belief that he saw a bird of this species at Cley, on the 6th, was no doubt well founded, as a male bird, in the possession of Mr. George Cresswell, was killed on the Wolferton marshes near Lynn on the 16th. Others were seen at the same time, and a second example was said to have been shot. This occurrence was recorded by T. Southwell in The Zoologist for 1881 (p. 469).'

Comment Now at Mansfield Museum, Nottinghamshire (pers. obs.).

106). 1881 Lincolnshire Skegness, shot, 27th October.

(J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode, Migration Report 3: 29; Yarrell, 1871-85; J. Cordeaux, Zoologist 1891: 365; Smith & Cornwallis, 1955; Lorand & Atkin, 1989).

History J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux & P. M. C. Kermode (1882) in the Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1881, 3rd report, p. 29, say: 'Four occurrences in September...another on the 27th of the same month.'

Howard Saunders (1884-85 (4): 232, 4th ed.) in Yarrell's British Birds, says: 'Two were killed at Skegness, in Lincolnshire, in the autumn of 1881.'

J. Cordeaux (1891) in The Zoologist, 3rd series, Vol. XV. p. 365, says: '1881, an immature bird shot at Skegness on Sept. 9th, and another on the 27th (Mig. Rep., 1881, p. 29; Zool., 1882, p. 22).' Accepted locally (Lorand & Atkin 1989).

Comment The Zoologist reference refers only to the one on the 9th September.

107). 1881 Greater London/Hertfordshire Balls Park, near Hertford, shot, 10th November.

("Pantia Ralli" Field 26th Nov., 1881: 792; J. E. Littleboy, Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club 2: 84-85; Sage, 1959; Gladwin & Sage, 1986; Self, 2014).

History "Pantia Ralli" of Balls Park, Hertford (1881) in The Field of 26th Nov., Vol. LVIII. p. 792, says: 'On the 10th ult. I shot a specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Ibis falcinellus) on the lake in the grounds of Balls Park. It is now in the hands of Mr. Butt [sic], of Wigmore Street, for preservation.'

J. E. Littleboy of Hunton Bridge (1884) in the Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club, Vol. II. pp. 84-85, says: 'On the 10th of September a Glossy Ibis was shot by Mr. Pantia Ralli on a lake in the grounds of Balls Park.

The Glossy Ibis is an important addition to the birds of Hertfordshire. It has occasionally been met with in Kent and Sussex, but very rarely, of late, in any of the midland counties. It must not be confounded with its congener, the sacred bird of the Egyptians, which is more generally known, but which has only once been taken in this country. Mr. John H. Gurney, jun., has been good enough to supply me with the following notice: - "The Glossy Ibis is an inhabitant of Africa, and is rare to the north of the Mediterranean: it cannot be very common in Egypt, as in seven months' collecting there, I only saw one, and that was near the famous Sitting Colossi, in the height of the migratory season, but I had a fine old bird sent me from Damietta, in the Delta. I have never believed that this species was ever sufficiently common in England to warrant the application of the old couplet which appears to refer to its market value - 'A Curlew, be she white or black, She carries ten-pence on her back'. The grey-lag goose, the crane, and the spoonbill were common in the days of our forefathers, but not so the stork, the ibis, or the egret".'

Accepted locally for Hertfordshire (Gladwin & Sage 1986) and for the Greater London area (Self 2014).

Comment Mr. Tutt is the taxidermist.

108). 1883 Isles of Scilly Tresco, seen, November.

(R. W. J. Smart, Transactions of the Penzance Natural History Society 1888: 173; J. Clark & F. R. Rodd, Zoologist 1906: 302; Penhallurick, 1969; Flood, Hudson & Thomas, 2007).

History R. W. J. Smart (1888) in the Transactions of the Penzance Natural History Society, new series, Vol. II. p. 173, says: 'Another is said to have been seen on Tresco since - in 1883.'

J. Clark & F. R. Rodd (1906) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. X. p. 302, under 'The Birds of Scilly', say: 'In November, 1883, one was apparently seen on Tresco.'

Accepted locally (Flood, Hudson & Thomas 2007).

109). 1885 Northumberland Mindrum, immature male, shot, 25th August.

(G. Bolam, History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 11: 259; Evans, 1911; Bolam, 1912; Galloway & Meek, 1978-83; Kerr, 2001).

History George Bolam (1885-86) in the History of the Berwickshire Naturalists' Club, Vol. XI. p. 259, says: 'A bird of this species was shot near the mill pond at Mindrum, in the parish of Carham, Northumberland, on 25th August, 1885, and is now in the possession of Mr. Borthwick, the tenant of the farm. It was entrusted to Mr. Brotherston of Kelso for preservation, and in his shop I had an opportunity of examining it shortly after it had been set up: on dissection it proved to be a male. It is in the "glossy" state of plumage, being the intermediate state between the so-called Green Ibis or first plumage, and the Bay Ibis or mature plumage, but still retains about the head and neck a good deal of the greyish white spotting of the early dress. The Ibis is a very rare bird, and has only once previously been obtained in this district; that being the instance mentioned by Selby when a specimen was killed on the banks of the Coquet, and was preserved in his collection.'

Bolam (1912: 335) says: 'One was shot at the mill pond, at Mindrum, in the parish of Carham, on 25th August, 1885, and is in the possession of Mr. Borthwick, the tenant of the farm, who informed me that he first put up near the place where it was killed, in the morning; in the afternoon he again saw it near the same spot, and sent his groom out to shoot it; it proved to be a young male, and is in the "glossy" state of plumage, with a good deal of the greyish white feathers of the earlier dress still showing upon the head and neck.'

Accepted locally (Galloway & Meek 1978-83; Kerr 2001).

110). 1886 Buckinghamshire Halton, Wendover, shot, October.

(Fraser & Youngman, 1976; Lack & Ferguson, 1993).

History Fraser & Youngman (1976) state that during October 1886 one was shot on the Wendover arm of the canal.

Lack & Ferguson (1993) say: 'There is one certain record of one shot by the canal at Halton in October 1886.'

Comment Not in VCH by Harting.

111). 1887 Hertfordshire Near Waterford, shot, November.

(A. F. Crossman, Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club 10: 38; Sage, 1959; Gladwin & Sage, 1986).

History A. F. Crossman (1901) in the Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural History Society and Field Club, Vol. X. p. 38, says: 'In November, 1887, a specimen of this bird was shot about 200 yards from the village of Waterford by Mr. J. Roberts. It was stuffed by Mr. Shrimpton, of Hertford, and passed into the hands of Mr. W. P. Westall, who sold it to the Hon. Walter Rothschild. This bird is, I believe, now in the Tring Museum. The bird has been obtained in Hertfordshire on one other occasion, one having been shot by Mr. Pantia Ralli, in Ball's Park, on 10th September, 1881.'

Accepted locally (Sage 1959: 34; Gladwin & Sage 1986).

112). 1889 Ayrshire Near Lendalfoot, two, seen, 15th September.

(Eds., Glasgow Naturalist 1: 14; Paton & Pike, 1929; McWilliam, 1936; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Hogg, 1983).

History Anon. (1909) in the Glasgow Naturalist, Vol. I. p. 14, it says: 'Charles Berry and a gamekeeper named Murdo Campbell claimed to have seen a pair near Lendalfoot on 15th September 1889. Both birds were in adult plumage.'

Accepted locally (Hogg 1983).

114). 1891 Norfolk Cley-next-the-Sea, five, seen, 20th October.

(Pashley, 1925; Riviere, 1930).

History Pashley (1925) says: '1891. October 20th. 5 Glossy Ibises seen.'

119). 1893 Norfolk Cley-next-the-Sea, three, seen, 17th June.

(Pashley, 1925; Riviere, 1930).

History Pashley (1925) says: '1893. June 17th. Old Jas. Long (Jimmy) told me he saw 3 Glossy Ibises; he knows these birds well, their local name is "Black Curlew".'

122). 1898 Norfolk Cley-next-the-Sea, five, seen, August.

(Pashley, 1925; Riviere, 1930).

History Pashley (1925) under 'List of Cley Birds', says: 'Five came up Blakeney Channel, passed over town in southerly direction, August, 1898.'

127). 1899 Suffolk Easton Broad, seen, 18th October.

(D. R. Gooding, Field 28th Oct., 1899: 708; Ticehurst, 1932; Payn, 1978).

History Donald R. Gooding (1899) in The Field of 28th Oct., Vol. XCIV. p. 708, under 'Reported occurrence of the Glossy Ibis', says: 'On the 18th inst., at Potters Bridge, near Easton Broad, Suffolk, I observed a large dark coloured bird, with a long decurved bill, the under parts were of lighter colour. It was much larger than a Curlew, heavier in proportion, and its flight slower. It lit in some marshes near. I concluded it was a Glossy Ibis, which is, I believe, still an occasional visitant, and has occurred more frequently in the Eastern Counties than elsewhere, and was locally known as the "Black Curlew". I should be glad to hear if any bird of this species has been observed by any of your correspondents during the present autumn.'

Ticehurst (1932: 320) says: 'On 18th October 1899, a bird was said to have been seen at Easton Broad.'

128). 1900 Carmarthenshire Llangyndeyrne, immature, shot, February.

(Barker, 1905; Ingram & Morrey Salmon, 1954; Lovegrove, Williams & Williams, 1994).

History Barker (1905) p. 13, says: 'Not by Mr. Browne: "1900, February 22nd. Jeffreys asked me into his shop to see the skin of a bird that he did not know. The bird had been brought to him recently, and had been shot near Llangendeirne, and was now in course of being stuffed. It proved to be a Glossy Ibis in immature plumage, the first I have ever heard of in this part of the country.'

Accepted locally (Ingram & Morrey Salmon 1954) and nationally for Wales (Lovegrove, Williams & Williams 1994).

Comment Llangendeirne is the old spelling for the place.

129). 1900 Cornwall Near Saltash, obtained, October.

(J. Clark, Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, 15: 206; J. Clark, Zoologist 1907: 285; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Penhallurick, 1969).

History J. Clark (1902) in the Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, Vol. XV. p. 206, under 'The Birds of Cornwall', says: 'One specimen obtained at Saltash, October, 1900.'

J. Clark (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 285, says: 'The Glossy Ibis is an accidental autumn wanderer, and is always in immature plumage. In October, 1900, it was reported from Hayle, and a month later from Saltash.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Accepted locally by Penhallurick (1969: 67) who says: 'The Zoologist 1907 reverses the month with the other 1900 record.'

Comment October or November?

130). 1900 Cornwall Hayle, obtained, November.

(J. Clark, Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, 15: 206; J. Clark, Zoologist 1907: 285; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Penhallurick, 1969).

History J. Clark (1902) in the Journal of the Royal Institution of Cornwall, Vol. XV. p. 206, under 'The Birds of Cornwall', says: 'One in November of the same year [1900] at Hayle.' Later, J. Clark (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 285, says: 'The Glossy Ibis is an accidental autumn wanderer, and is always in immature plumage. In October, 1900, it was reported from Hayle, and a month later from Saltash.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Accepted locally by Penhallurick (1969: 67) who says: 'The Zoologist 1907 reverses the month with the other 1900 record.'

Comment October or November?

131). 1900 Cleveland/Co. Durham Billingham Bottoms, Stockton-on-Tees, Co. Durham, adult, shot, 25th November.

(T. H. Nelson, Naturalist 27: 149; T. H. Nelson, Zoologist 1901: 185; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Temperley, 1951; Blick, 2008; Bowey & Newsome, 2012).

History T. H. Nelson of Redcar (1901) in the new series of The Naturalist, Vol. XXVII. p. 149, dated 12th April, 1901, says: 'An example of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot by a farm servant at Billingham Bottoms, near Stockton-on-Tees, on the 25th November, 1900. I am informed by Mr. C. Milburn, of Middlesbrough, who has examined the specimen, that "it is apparently an adult, having the beautiful shot reflections on the back; unfortunately, the sex was not noted".

Other recorded specimens in the north-eastern counties are: - Three, mentioned in Clarke and Roebuck's Handbook of Yorkshire Vertebrata, and one, noted in Hancock's 'List of the Birds of Northumberland and Durham', killed on the Coquet in Northumberland.' T. H. Nelson of The Cliffe, Redcar (1901) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. V. p. 185, reports the same story but without naming the informant.

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Accepted locally for Cleveland (Blick 2008) and for Co. Durham (Bowey & Newsome 2012).

132). 1901 Argyll Tiree, seen, 21st February.

(H. W. Robinson, Scottish Naturalist 25: 43; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; J. Morton Boyd, British Birds 51: 47; Forrester & Andrews et al., 2007).

History H. W. Robinson of Lancaster (1914) in the Scottish Naturalist, Vol. XXXIV. p. 43, says: 'As I only spent the first two months of three consecutive winters on the Island of Tiree, I hope Mr. Peter Anderson will not think it presumptuous of me if I make some additions to his list recently published...In February, 1901, a bird described as a "Black Curlew" was seen on Tiree, and on the 21st of that month I was able to identify it as a Glossy Ibis.'

Accepted nationally for Scotland (Forrester & Andrews et al. 2007).

133). 1902 Moray & Nairn Near Forres, Moray, shot, 2nd October.

(W. MacLeay, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1903: 186; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350).

History W. MacLeay (1903) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XII. p. 186, says: 'It may interest your readers to know that I received a specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) which was shot on a small loch near Forres on 2nd October 1902.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

134). 1902 Gwent Between Newport and Caerleon, Monmouthshire, adult male, shot, 11th October, now at Newport Museum.

(T. W. Proger & D. R. Paterson, Transactions of the Cardiff Naturalists' Society 1903: 128; Ingram & Salmon, 1939; Humphreys, 1963; Ferns et al., 1977; Lovegrove, Williams & Williams, 1994).

History T. W. Proger & D. R. Paterson (1903) in the Transactions of the Cardiff Naturalists' Society, Vol. XXXVI. p. 128, say: 'For the following interesting note we are indebted to Mr. Percy Laybourne, Caerleon. "On the afternoon of October 11th, 1902, a labourer observed a large bird flying high up over the town of Newport, mobbed by a number of small birds, which afterwards proved to be Rooks. To escape their attacks the strange bird, which flew like a Heron, dived towards the earth, crossed and re-crossed the Usk, and alighted in a field on the bank. It was thirsty, and drank from a pool. It seemed very tired, and laid down and got up again several times, behaving like a worn-out Carrier Pigeon. It was eventually shot by the man who watched it all the time - about 20 minutes".

The bird proved to be the Glossy Ibis, an adult male in winter dress, and having the characteristic metallic lustre on its plumage.'

Humphreys (1963: 19) still admits it. Ferns et al. (1977) say: 'An adult male was shot between Newport and Caerleon on 11th October 1902 and is on display in Newport Museum.'

Accepted nationally for Wales (Lovegrove, Williams & Williams 1994).

135). 1902 Herefordshire Winforton, obtained, 11th October.

(H. L. Hansard, Field 25th Oct., 1902: 688; Pratt & Son, Knowledge 25: 255; J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1903: 123; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; F. C. R. Jourdain, British Birds 14: 139; Gilbert & Walker, 1954; Walker & Smith, 1975).

History Pratt & Son (1902) in Knowledge, Vol. XXV. p. 255, dated 15th October, say: 'We have received two Glossy Ibis for preservation; one yesterday from the Scilly Isles and another today from Herefordshire. We hear that there were two in the Scilly Isles, but only one obtained.'

J. H. Gurney, jun., of Norwich (1903) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. VII. p. 123, says: 'I must now refer to a noticeable coincidence which took place on Saturday, Oct. 11th, the day on which the Green-backed Porphyrio was first seen; two other very rare birds had also landed in England, perhaps in its company, viz. a Lesser Grey Shrike in Norfolk, and a Little Bunting in Durham. On the same day a Glossy Ibis was shot in Herefordshire, and another the following day in Sussex. Besides this it was observed that on the two preceding days (Oct. 9th and 10th) a great deal of migration was going on in Norfolk, and especially in Lincolnshire....'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

F. C. R. Jourdain (1920) in British Birds, Vol. XIV. p. 139, in an Editorial, says: 'Mr. E. Cambridge Phillips (Vict. Hist. of Hereford, I, p. 140) records one shot about the third week of December 1902, at Winforton, and a second bird is said to have been seen, in the neighbourhood.' Accepted locally (Walker & Smith 1975).

136). 1902 Isles of Scilly Near Abbey, Tresco, two, one shot, 11th October.

(J. Clark & F. R. Rodd, Zoologist 1906: 302; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Penhallurick, 1969; Flood, Hudson & Thomas, 2007).

History J. Clark & F. R. Rodd (1906) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. X. p. 302, under 'The Birds of Scilly', say: 'On Oct. 11th, 1902, two were observed coming in on Tresco from the west, and one of these, a young bird, was shot at the Penzance Gate by Arthur Dorrien-Smith. The other was last seen flying in an easterly direction over Pentle Rock.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'. Accepted locally (Flood, Hudson & Thomas 2007).

138). 1902 Sussex Near Pevensey, shot, 12th October.

(H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Walpole-Bond, 1938).

History Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the more important additions to our knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 323) says: 'As I learnt from Mr. G. Bristow five were shot [in 1902], namely one near Pevensey on October 12.'

Comment George Bristow was heavily involved in the "Hastings Rarities" fraud, but the record is accepted by the Sussex Orn. Soc.

139). 1902 Sussex East Guldeford, Romney Marsh, immature, shot, 14th October.

(Ed., Field 21st Nov., 1903: 102; N. F. Ticehurst, Zoologist 1903: 419; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Ticehurst, 1909; Walpole-Bond, 1938).

History In an Editorial (1903) in The Field of 21st Nov., Vol. CII. p. 884, he adds: 'Several of these birds were shot last year in Kent and Sussex; one on Oct. 14, another on Oct. 25, and a third on Nov. 8. The last named was reported in The Field of Nov. 22.'

N. F. Ticehurst (1903) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. VII. p. 419, says: 'October 14th. - A young Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) shot at East Guldeford in Romney Marsh.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Ticehurst (1909: 324) says: 'In the late autumn of 1902 several were obtained in different parts of England, and one of these, an immature bird, was shot by a man named Wilson at East Guildford [sic], in Romney Marsh, on October 14th. It was taken to Gasson, the birdstuffer at Rye, and was purchased from him in the flesh by Mr. Chapman of that town, whose collection has since been acquired by Mr. H. Stredwick, of St. Leonards. Mr. Chapman sent the bird to Mr. Bristow for preservation, and to the latter I am indebted for the opportunity of examining it. Others were obtained during the latter part of October at Pevensey, in Sussex, in Hertfordshire, and the Scilly Islands.'

Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 323) says: 'As I learnt from Mr. G. Bristow five were shot [in 1902]...another at East Guldeford two days later [October 14th].'

Comment George Bristow was heavily involved in the "Hastings Rarities" fraud, but the record is accepted by the Sussex Orn. Soc.

140). 1902 North-east Scotland Loch of Strathbeg, Aberdeenshire, shot, 22nd October.

(Aberdeen Weekly Journal 22nd Oct., 1902; W. MacLeay, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1903: 186; Sim, 1903; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Phillips, 1997).

History W. MacLeay (1903) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XII. p. 186, says: '...Another specimen was obtained at Loch of Strathbeg, in Aberdeenshire, about a fortnight later [to 2nd October], and was sent to Mr. Waters, Naturalist, Aboyne, for preservation.'

Sim (1903: 141) says: 'On October 22nd, 1902, one was reported in the "Aberdeen Weekly Journal" as having been shot at the Loch of Strathbeg by Mr. Fraser, gamekeeper, Cairness, who sent it to Mr. Watters, Aboyne, for preservation.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

141). 1902 Argyll Kildalton, Islay, immature female, shot, 30th October.

(C. Kirk, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1903: 50; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Scottish Naturalist 33: 284; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953).

History Charles Kirk of Glasgow (1903) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XII. p. 50, says: 'An immature female Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot at Kildalton, Islay, on 30th October, and is now in the collection of Mr. Jain Ramsay, Kildalton.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

142). 1902 Hampshire Near Romsey, killed, October.

(Kelsall & Munn, 1905; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Clark & Eyre, 1993).

History Kelsall & Munn (1905: 207) say: 'Mr. Corbin informs us of one killed near Romsey, in October, 1902.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'. Accepted locally (Clark & Eyre 1993).

143). 1902 Sussex Pevensey Level, immature, shot, 8th November.

(A. H. Machell Cox, Field 22nd Nov., 1902; N. F. Ticehurst, Zoologist 1903: 419; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Walpole-Bond, 1938).

History N. F. Ticehurst (1903) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. VII. p. 419, says: 'November 8th. An immature Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) shot between Pevensey and Eastbourne. This is probably the bird seen by Mr. A. H. Machell Cox at Pevensey Sluice on Nov. 6th, and reported by him in The Field of Nov. 22nd.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Accepted locally (Walpole-Bond 1938 (2): 323-324; James 1996).

144). 1902 Borders River Tweed, near Kelso, Roxburghshire, immature, shot, 17th November, now at National Museums of Scotland (NMSZ 1903.06).

(A. Steel, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1903: 49; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Evans, 1911; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953).

History Archibald Steel of Kelso (1903) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XII. p. 49, says: 'On the 17th of November last an immature specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot at a place called the "Brick House", which is situated on the Tweed about four miles below Kelso, and where there is a small pond and marshy places, to which numerous ducks resort. This example has been acquired by the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'. Accepted locally (Evans 1911: 144).

145). 1902 Yorkshire Ackworth, male, obtained, 17th November.

(W. B. Arundel, Ibis 1903: 136; Nelson, 1907; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Mather, 1986).

History W. B. Arundel of High Ackworth, Pontefract (1903) in The Ibis, Vol. XLV. p. 136, dated 21st Nov., 1902, says: 'On the morning of 17th inst. a gamekeeper shot a Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) near here, and Mr. J. Cullingford, of Durham, to whom I sent it to be set up, reports it to be a male. The bird had been about for a few days, feeding on the low banks of a pool and in a marshy piece of land adjoining the water. I did not observe any red tinge on the head or neck, both of which were evenly and liberally streaked with grey; but the under parts were suffused with a very decided warm red tint, and the back, wings, and tail were glossed over with brilliant metallic green and purple. Length 22½ inches, wing 11 inches.'

Nelson (1907 (2): 406) says: 'And lastly, a male example, for a notice of which I am indebted to Major Walter Arundel, was obtained on 17th November 1902, at Ackworth.' Accepted locally (Mather 1986).

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

146). 1902 Norfolk River Bure, near Ludham, killed, 25th November.

(J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1903: 137; A. Patterson, Transactions of the Norfolk & Norwich Naturalists' Society 7: 570; Patterson, 1905; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; B. Dye, Zoologist 1914: 37).

History J. H. Gurney, jun., of Keswick Hall, Norwich (1903) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. VII. p. 137, says: 'November 25th. Norfolk has shared in the visitation of the Glossy Ibis, a fine male having frequented the River Bure near Ludham for some weeks, only to fall on the 25th to the gun of a passing wherryman. Nearly all the wherries carry guns. The migration seems to have taken place about the second week of October, and the birds to have spread themselves over Sussex (four), Scilly Islands (one), Herefordshire (one), Scotland (two), Ireland (two), after arriving on the south coast; it would have been interesting to race the line.'

Patterson (1905) says: 'An immature example, of which I sent a drawing to the Daily Graphic, was obtained in the same locality (Stalham) on November 26th, 1902. Its stomach contained fragments of fresh water mollusca.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

B. Dye of Great Yarmouth (1914) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XVIII. p. 37, says: 'The following notes relating to the past eleven years may be of interest: - Nov. 28th, 1902, one shot on the River Bure.'

147). 1902-03 Yorkshire Hornsea Mere, seen, winter.

(E. W. Wade, Naturalist 37: 116).

History E. W. Wade of Hull (1911) in the new series of The Naturalist, Vol. XXXVII. p. 116, says: '...The bird is familiar to Mr. J. Taylor, the Hornsea keeper, who has seen it more than once, and who reported that a solitary specimen haunted the Mere during the winter 1902-1903.'

148). 1903 Norfolk Halvergate Marshes, immature male, shot, 21st August, now at Birmingham Museums and Art Gallery (Acc. No. 1954Z1.91).

(A. Patterson, Field 3rd Oct., 1903: 600; J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1904: 209; Patterson, 1905; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; B. Dye, Zoologist 1914: 37; Allard, 1990; Watson, 2010).

History A. Patterson of Great Yarmouth (1903) in The Field of 3rd Oct., Vol. CII. p. 600, says: '...A Glossy Ibis recently shot on the neighbouring marshes [to Breydon] is in the hands of Mr. Lowne of Fuller's Hill for preservation.'

J. H. Gurney, jun., of Keswick Hall, Norwich (1904) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. VIII. p. 209, says: 'August 20th. A Glossy Ibis seen at Acle (Dye). 21st. The Ibis shot at Halvergate, near Acle, proved to be an immature male, exhibiting the usual white spots on the fore part of the neck.'

Patterson (1905: 176) says: 'Mr. Lowne, taxidermist, had a second brought to him for preservation in August 1903; it was shot near Acle.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

B. Dye of Great Yarmouth (1914) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XVIII. p. 37, says: 'The following notes relating to the past eleven years may be of interest: - August 22nd, 1903, one shot at Halvergate.'

Watson (2010) in detailing the W. R. Lysaght collection in the Birmingham Museum lists this juvenile male specimen from Halvergate, near Acle, Norfolk, obtained on 21st August 1903, without further detail.

149). 1903 Kent/Sussex Rother Marshes, between Beckley (Sussex) and Wittersham (Kent), four, seen, immature male shot, 14th September, all gone by 25th October.

(M. Tweedie, Field 21st Nov., 1903: 884; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Ticehurst, 1909; Walpole-Bond, 1938; Harrison, 1953; James, 1996; http://www.kentos.org.uk/Records/GlossyIbis.htm).

History Maurice Tweedie of The Hall, Beckley (1903) in The Field of 21st Nov., Vol. CII. p. 884, says: 'About the middle of September last four birds were seen flying about Romney Marsh by the foreman of a farm situated in the parish of Beckley, Sussex. One of these birds he managed to shoot, and it was brought to me for identification. I had no difficulty in pronouncing it to be a Glossy Ibis (Falcinellus igneus). It is dark coloured throughout, with various shades of reddish brown with purplish reflections, the bill very long and much curved. In the wings the second and third quills are the longer. As I believe this bird is very rarely seen in England, I think it would be as well that some record should be made of its arrival here this year. I would further mention that the skin of this bird is now in the possession of Dr. Montgomery, of Beckley Oaks, Sussex. The four birds were seen by several people in this neighbourhood, but one only was shot as above mentioned.' [Several of these birds were shot last year in Kent and Sussex; one on Oct. 14, another on Oct. 25, and a third on Nov. 8. The last named was reported in The Field of Nov. 22. - Ed.]

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899', who say: '1903. September. One shot, three others seen, Sussex.'

Ticehurst (1909: 324-325) says: 'In the last three weeks of September, 1903, a small flock of four frequented the Rother marshes between Beckley, in Sussex, and Wittersham, in Kent. One, an immature male just assuming adult plumage, was shot by the foreman of a farm in the parish of Beckley on September 14th.

It was examined in the flesh and identified by Colonel Tweedie, of Beckley Hall, who recorded it in The Field (21st Nov., 1903). Subsequently this specimen passed into the possession of Dr. W. A. Montgomery, then of Beckley Oaks, who kindly furnished me with the following additional particulars: "There were four Ibises on the wet level between here and Wittersham. They were about the neighbourhood for the last three weeks of September. The one I have got, which I stuffed, was shot on the 14th of September and had been feeding on rat-tailed maggots, obtained no doubt from the rotting hay lying in the water. The other three have now (October 25th) disappeared.

They were not very shy at first, but, having learned a lesson, they subsequently became unapproachable and disappeared when the water got deeper. One, which had been pricked by shot, remained for about a week after the other two were last seen, and I could have easily shot it one afternoon, but did not. It disappeared about three weeks ago".'

Still acceptable to Kent Ornithological Society.

153). 1903 Suffolk River Alde, Orford, obtained, 15th September, now at Ipswich Museum.

(Ticehurst, 1932; Piotrowski, 2003).

History Ticehurst (1932: 320) says: 'One was obtained on the Alde at Orford on 15th September 1903 (Ogilvie collection).' Piotrowski (2003) states that the specimen is in Ipswich Museum.

154). 1903 Perth & Kinross Near Dunning, Perthshire, shot, 18th September.

(Transactions and Proceedings of the Perthshire Society of Natural Science 1903-04: 6; T. G. Laidlaw, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1904: 55, 211; Harvie-Brown, 1906; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953).

History T. G. Laidlaw (1904) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XIII. p. 55, says: 'Examples of these somewhat rare visitors to Scotland have been obtained during the past autumn, and were exhibited at a recent meeting of the Society of Natural Science in Perth....The Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus), was shot on the Earn in the neighbourhood of Perth on the 18th October....The birds are now exhibited in the Museum of Natural History.'

Admitted by T. G. Laidlaw (1904) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XIII. p. 211, in the annual report for 1903, who says: 'Perth, Oct. 18.'

Harvie-Brown (1906: 220-221) say: 'Since then one was shot near Dunning, on the Earn, Perthshire, on 18th September (Trans. and Proc. Perth. Soc. Nat. Science, 1903-04, Vol. IV. p. vi), erroneously given as "18th October" in Annals Scot. Nat. Hist. (1904, p. 211).'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Baxter & Rintoul (1953 (1): 335) say: '...one was shot near Dunning, Perthshire, on 18th September 1903.'

Comment October or September! We will never know. Baxter & Rintoul never mentioned a date correction.

155). 1903 Orkney Near Stromness, Mainland, immature, shot, 19th September, photo.

(W. E. Clarke, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1904: 127; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Booth, Cuthbert & Reynolds, 1984).

History Wm. Eagle Clarke (1904) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XIII. p. 127, says: 'A Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot about a mile west of Stromness on the 19th September last. The above information, along with a photograph of the bird, was most obligingly sent to me by Mr. N. A. Macintosh of Stromness. According to our present knowledge of the fauna of Orkneys, this appears to be the second occurrence there of this wanderer, one having been obtained near Kirkwall in September 1857.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

Accepted locally (Booth, Cuthbert & Reynolds 1984).

156). 1905 Sussex Pevensey Marsh, two, shot, autumn.

(Arnold, 1907).

History Arnold (1907: 94) says: 'Eastbourne seems to lie in the line of the Ibis migration, for two of these birds were obtained on Pevensey Marsh in the autumn of 1905.'

158). 1906 Norfolk/Suffolk Breydon Water, four, seen, 3rd to 4th September.

(J. H. Gurney, jun., Zoologist 1907: 134; Patterson, 1907; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; B. Dye, Zoologist 1914: 37; Riviere, 1930; Allard, 1990; Piotrowski, 2003).

History J. H. Gurney, jun., of Keswick Hall, Norwich (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 134, says: 'September 3rd. S., 2. A little flock of four Glossy Ibises seen on Breydon Broad were, Mr. Patterson assures me, well identified....These Ibises were soon disposed of, for I presume they are the same which were shot in three different places in Ireland and one in Sussex shortly afterwards. Another was killed in Devonshire (ante, p. 21).'

Patterson (1907: 244-245) says: 'Four Glossy Ibises (Plegadis falcinellus) were seen on Breydon on the morning of September 4th. They appeared to be very tired, and presently alighted on the marshes. The wind was south, and my diary records the day as "fearfully hot". In the morning I saw the gunner Youngs, already referred to, in a somewhat excited state; he had seen them, and threatened to run up in the afternoon to secure them, if possible. He did not, but, as already narrated, he fell in with the Red-crested Ducks instead. The Ibises remained in the neighbourhood for some days, but got away unscathed. But they were fated not to escape the vigilant eye of the gunner. On October 19th Mr. J. H. Gurney wrote me as follows: "The four Glossy Ibises have all been accounted for, three in Ireland and one in Sussex; so their peregrinations are over".'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

B. Dye of Great Yarmouth (1914) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XVIII. p. 37, says: 'The following notes relating to the past eleven years may be of interest: - Sept. 3rd, 1906, four seen flying over Breydon; these escaped.'

162). 1906 Devon River Taw, near Fremington, shot, 5th September.

(B. F. Cummings, Zoologist 1907: 21; N. P. Fenwick, jun., Zoologist 1908: 395; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350).

History Bruce F. Cummings (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 21, says: 'About the beginning of September, 1906, a Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot on the River Taw near Fremington. I first learnt of the occurrence of this rarity from the Barnstaple taxidermist, who is preserving the bird. It seems that it was shot by a gentleman named Martin, living at Muddlebridge House, Fremington, but unfortunately my efforts in getting any exact details have so far been unavailing. It stands high on the legs, which are greenish black, with long slender toes. The bill is thick and stout, dull black, with the base of the lower mandible yellowish, as in the Whimbrel. The neck is long and slim, of a muddy brown colour, with white speckles. Head coloured ditto. Whole under surface muddy brown. Back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and tail black, with a beautiful greenish gloss. Wings similarly coloured, but more of a dull black, I thought. I believe it was as long ago as 1869 that the last specimen occurred in North Devon.'

N. P. Fenwick, jun., of Esher (1908) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XII. p. 395, says: 'On Sept. 5th, 1906, I noticed, among some Gulls on the mud by the river at Barnstaple, Devon, a specimen of the Glossy Ibis (Ibis falcinellus), I am afraid I have been very remiss in not recording it before. Possibly some other observer has done so; if not, however, this may be of some slight use.' [Mr. Bruce Cummings recorded in these pages (1907, p. 21) that about the beginning of September, 1906, a Glossy Ibis was shot on the River Taw, near Fremington, and was placed in the hands of a Barnstaple taxidermist for preservation. This is probably the bird seen by Mr. Fenwick. - Ed.]

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

163). 1906 Suffolk Butley Creek, four, three killed, 6th and 7th September, now at Ipswich Museum.

(Ticehurst, 1932).

History Ticehurst (1932: 320) says: 'On the 6th and 7th, three were secured out of a flock of four in Butley Creek (Ogilvie collection).'

167). 1906 Suffolk Reydon Marshes, near Southwold, four, seen, 13th September.

(E. Fraser Stanford, British Birds 5: 334; Ticehurst, 1932).

History E. Fraser Stanford (1912) in British Birds, Vol. V. p. 334, says: 'In connection with the note in last month's British Birds (p. 307) on the above subject by Mr. Gurney, the following may be of interest: - On September 13th, 1906, I was following otter-hounds at Wangford in Suffolk, and while hounds were drawing a piece of marshy swamp, four of these birds were seen. They rose and flew round, coming quite close over members of the Field, several times. At the time I was standing near an old yokel, and I turned to him and asked him what he called them, and without a moment's hesitation he replied: "Well, we used to call 'em black curloo", and he went on to tell me that he "minded" a time when they were common. The next day I happened to be at a place on the Aldeburgh river, about twenty-one miles from Wangford, and I was informed that somewhere about a fortnight before a couple of these birds had been shot out of a flock of six; in all probability the same lot as I saw at Wangford. This old man's remark about the name seems to go to prove that the idea of the local name of "black curlew" is not so unlikely as Mr. Gurney suggests.'

Ticehurst (1932: 320) says: 'On the 13th [September], four were seen by the Messrs. Stanford in the Reydon Marshes, near Southwold, and were said to have been about for a fortnight.'

171). 1906 Sussex The Crumbles, immature, shot, 20th September.

(E. C. Arnold, Hastings and East Sussex Naturalist 1: 130; Arnold, 1907; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; E. C. Arnold, Zoologist 1909: 68; Arnold, 1936; Walpole-Bond,1938).

History E. C. Arnold (1907) in the Hastings and East Sussex Naturalist, Vol. I. p. 130, says: '1906. September 20th. - A college boy, G. H. Beattie, shot a Glossy Ibis, Plegadis falcinellus (L.), on the Crumbles, the bird subsequently mounted by Mr. Bates.'

Arnold (1907: 94) says: 'Two other rarities have, to my knowledge, been secured by College boys. In September, 1906, L. E. Dennys shot a Red-necked Phalarope, and in the same month G. H. Beattie obtained a Glossy Ibis with a small Winchester rifle. The last-named reached Mr. Bates in such an advanced stage of decomposition that I hardly expected him to stuff it. He managed it, however, and it is now in the Institute. Eastbourne seems to lie in the line of the Ibis migration, for two of these birds were obtained on Pevensey Marsh in the autumn of 1905.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'.

E. C. Arnold of Eastbourne (1909) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XIII. p. 68, says: '1906. September 20th. A boy, G. H. Beattie, with a small Winchester rifle, got an immature Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) near one of the lagoons. By the time it reached Mr. Bates few cared to inspect it too closely. He, however, spurred on by his wife, who had not got to do the job, ploughed through the stuffing gallantly, and it is now in the Institute.'

Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 324) says: 'Mr. E. C. Arnold tells us how on September 20th, 1906, an Eastbourne College boy, named Beattie, repaired to the Crumbles (near the town cited) to try a present he had just received in the shape of a small rifle...Arnold, however, cites the date as 19th in his Birds of Eastbourne.'

172). 1906 Sussex Fishbourne, four, seen, three shot, September.

(Walpole-Bond, 1938).

History Walpole-Bond (1938 (2): 324) says: 'Much about the same time [September 1906] four falcinelli paid a fleeting visit to Fishbourne, near Chichester. They left one of their number behind (H. L. Guermonprez in litt.).'

176). 1906 Cornwall Near Sennen Cove, male, shot, 25th October.

(J. Clark, Zoologist 1907: 285; H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst, British Birds 1: 350; Penhallurick, 1969).

History J. Clark (1907) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. p. 285, says: 'The Glossy Ibis is an accidental autumn wanderer, and is always in immature plumage. In October, 1900, it was reported from Hayle, and a month later from Saltash. On the 25th October, 1906, a male in second-year plumage was shot close to Sennen Cove, near Land's End.'

Admitted by H. F. Witherby & N. F. Ticehurst (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 350, under 'On the More Important Additions to our Knowledge of British Birds since 1899'. Accepted locally (Penhallurick 1969).

177). 1907 Ayrshire Near Irvine, immature female, shot, mid-September.

(J. Robertson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 119; Eds., British Birds 1: 388; J. Paterson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 199; Paton & Pike, 1929; McWilliam, 1936; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Hogg, 1983).

History John Robertson of Glasgow (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 119, says: 'An immature female example of the Glossy Ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot near Irvine towards the middle of September 1907, and forwarded McCulloch and Sons, Glasgow, who sent it for exhibition to the October and November meetings of the Glasgow Natural History and Andersonian Naturalists' Societies. The bird subsequently passed into the possession of the Marquis of Bute at Rothesay. There is no record of the Glossy Ibis having been obtained before in the "Clyde" area.'

In an Editorial (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 388, they say: 'Mr. John Robertson records that an immature female of the same species was shot near Irvine, Ayrshire, in the middle of September, 1907 (Ann. S. N. H., 1908, p. 119).'

Admitted by John Paterson (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 199, in the 'Annual Report on Scottish Ornithology'.

Richmond Paton & Pike (1929) say: 'J. Robertson wrote us in 1927 the following: "One taken near Irvine was exhibited by me to the Andersonian Naturalists' Society. It was a female in immature plumage, and was shot about mid-September 1907. The specimen passed into the hands of the Marquis of Bute at Rothesay".'

Accepted locally (Hogg 1983).

178). 1907 Orkney Sandwick, Mainland, flock of nineteen or twenty, 24th September; ten immatures shot by 1st October, two in Chelmsford Museum.

(H. W. Robinson, Field 26th Oct., 1907: 766; H. W. Robinson, Zoologist 1907: 431-432; H. W. Robinson, British Birds 1: 190; H. W. Robinson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 50; J. Paterson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 199; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Forrester & Andrews et al., 2007).

History H. W. Robinson of Lancaster (1907) in The Field of 26th Oct., Vol. CX. p. 766, and in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XI. pp. 431-432, and in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 190, and (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 50, says: 'On September 24th a flock of nineteen or twenty Glossy Ibises (Ibis falcinellus) appeared at Sandwick, in Orkney, a small township about four miles inland, and about eight miles from Stromness, where they frequented some marshy ground there.

The man who made the discovery did not think of shooting them at first, and so for three days they remained in peace; but on the 27th this idea seemed to strike him, and from this date until October 1st he shot two or three each day as they were feeding in a burn, until he had accounted for no fewer than ten. They were very wary, and rose high in the air when disturbed. Most of them were sent, I believe, to Mr. Mallock, of Perth, and it would be interesting to know whether they were old or young birds.

I do not think there are a dozen records of this bird having visited Scotland, and the occurrence of a flock of them in Orkney is most unusual, as I believe the species has only occurred twice before in these islands - viz. a young bird near Stromness on September 19th, 1903, which I mentioned in The Field, &c., at the time; and another near Kirkwall as long ago as September, 1857, exactly half a century ago. It will be noticed that the three occurrences were all in September during the autumn migration.'

Admitted by John Paterson (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 199, in the 'Annual Report on Scottish Ornithology'.

Wood (2007: 57) states that two juveniles in Chelmsford Museum allegedly shot in Orkney in 1908, are probably from the flock of ten shot in 1907 at Sandwick, Orkney. Accepted nationally for Scotland (Forrester & Andrews et al. 2007).

197). 1907 Moray & Nairn Lein Burn, Speymouth, immature, obtained, September.

(G. Muirhead, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 50; Eds., British Birds 1: 297; J. Paterson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 199; Baxter & Rintoul, 1953; Cook, 1992).

History George Muirhead of Fochabers (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 50, says: 'This bird was seen on the Lein Burn by Mr. John Smith, of Garmouth, who shot and wounded it. He kept it alive for several days, when it died and was cast away. Mr. James Geddie, hearing that a strange bird had been shot, rescued it and had it preserved. I got the specimen a few days afterwards for the Duke of Richmond and Gordon, and it is now at Gordon Castle. The back and upper parts are black with greenish reflections; and the head and neck are buff-coloured with some dark feathers in them.'

In an Editorial (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 297, they say: 'A specimen of Ibis falcinellus was shot on the Lein Burn. No date is mentioned (G. Muirhead, Ann. S.N.H., 1908, p. 50).'

Admitted by John Paterson (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 199, in the 'Annual Report on Scottish Ornithology'. Accepted locally (Cook 1992).

198). 1907 North-east Scotland Watermill, Fraserburgh, Aberdeenshire, immature, shot, autumn.

(G. Sim, Zoologist 1908: 113; Eds., British Birds 1: 388; J. Paterson, Annals of Scottish Natural History 1908: 199; Phillips, 1997).

History George Sim of Aberdeen (1908) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XII. p. 113, says: 'During the harvest-time of 1907 an immature example of this species (Plegadis falcinellus) was shot in the mill-pond at Watermill, Fraserburgh, by Mr. Adam Brown. It is now in the possession of Dr. Galloway, Aberdeen. Since 1844 this is the fourth recorded occurrence of this species within our county.'

In an Editorial (1908) in British Birds, Vol. I. p. 388, they say: 'Mr. George Sim records that an immature example of Plegadis falcinellus was shot at Watermill, Fraserburgh, during the "harvest-time" of 1907 (Zool., 1908, p. 113).'

Admitted by John Paterson (1908) in the Annals of Scottish Natural History, Vol. XVII. p. 199, in the 'Annual Report on Scottish Ornithology'. Accepted locally (Phillips 1997).

199). 1908 Northumberland Boulmer, five immatures, 30th August, one shot, 1st September, another shot, 3rd September, one picked up dead, about 9th September, another caught in a trap later, two now at Great North Museum: Hancock, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, photo.

(E. L. Gill, Zoologist 1908: 394-395; Eds., British Birds 2: 244; Bolam, 1912, plate X; Galloway & Meek, 1978-83; Kerr, 2001).

History E. Leonard Gill (1908) in The Zoologist, 4th series, Vol. XII. pp. 394-395, says: 'A party of five Glossy Ibises visited the coast of Northumberland at the end of August this year. They were first seen at Boulmer, a small fishing village to the north of Alnmouth, about noon on Sunday, Aug. 30th; they were then flying in single file, and appeared to have just come in from the sea. Later in the day some boys were chasing them and throwing stones at them close to Alnmouth. Probably the birds were tired out, for subsequently they were very difficult to approach.

Eventually two were shot (Sept. 1st and 3rd) by Mr. Thomas Jefferson, of Alnmouth, and presented by him to the Hancock Museum, Newcastle-on-Tyne. A third was picked up dead, and a fourth was caught in a trap the following week (about Sept. 9th), and was kept alive at Warkworth, for a few days by Mr. D. Deuchar, for whom it has since been preserved. Mr. Jefferson has furnished me with an interesting account of the birds; in it he remarks that they frequented the small burns near the coast rather than the coast itself, and that when disturbed they always flew inland. From their first arrival they remained in the immediate neighbourhood of Alnmouth.

Of the two Ibises received at the Hancock Museum, one is decidedly larger than the other. There is a difference of practically an inch in length of bill (5 and one sixteenth in. and 4 and three sixteenths in.), and other measurements differ in the same proportion. Both birds are in immature plumage - back dark iridescent green, head and neck dusky brown, with spots and streaks of white; but in the larger bird the feathering, especially on the breast, is distinctly closer and more mature-looking, and this, combined with the difference in size, suggests that this bird is in its second-year, whereas the other is in its first.'

In an Editorial (1908) in British Birds, Vol. II. p. 244, they say: 'A party of five Plegadis falcinellus arrived near Alnmouth on August 30th. Four (two of which are said to be in immature plumage) were secured during the following ten days (E. L. Gill, Zool., 1908, p. 394).'

Bolam (1912: 335-336) says: 'On 30th August, 1908, a party of five Ibises appeared off Boulmer, being first observed flying in Indian file from seaward, and heading towards Alnmouth. Later in the day - a Sunday - they were being stoned by small boys on the beach at the latter place, being apparently much exhausted; but by next day they had recovered, and were then more difficult of approach.

One was shot on 1st September by Mr. Thomas Jefferson, who obtained a second three days later, and presented both to the Museum at Newcastle, where they were preserved by Mr. E. Leonard Gill, to whom I am indebted for full particulars of the occurrence. A third example was picked up dead; and a fourth, taken in a trap, during the following week was kept alive for a few days by Mr. David Deuchar, of Warkworth, and is now preserved in his possession. In recording these rare visitors, Mr. Gill remarks that they frequented the burns in its vicinity, rather than the beach itself, during their short stay on the Northumbrian coast and flew inland when disturbed. They were immature; the museum specimens, differing considerably in size, were thought by Mr. Gill to be of different ages, the larger bird perhaps in its second year; its bill measured five and one sixteenth inches, as against four and two sixteenths inches, the length of the other.'

Accepted locally (Galloway & Meek 1978-83; Kerr 2001).